Evolution Study Guide

Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.

• Fossil
• Adaptation
• Ancestor
• Natural selection

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Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?

• Evolution
• Adaptation
• Natural selection
• Fossilization

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Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures
• homologous structures
• adaptive radiation
• fossil

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Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk
• the hind limbs of a house cat
• the fins of sharks
• the tailbone of a human

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The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

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The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 

• diversity.
• evolution
• adaptation
•  fitness

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A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.

• Genetic Drift
• Natural Selection
• Non-random mating
• Mutation

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Structures are similar in function but not in structure

• Vestigial

• Homologous

• Analogous Structures

• Embryonic

Charles Darwin observed that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics, this supports the hypothesis that these finches

• are twins

• acquired traits through use and disuse.

• all eat the same type of food.

• descended from a common ancestor.

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What is speciation?

• when a population reaches a balance and change is no longer occuring

• when populations move away from each other

• when species begin to pass on acquired traits and change their behavior

• when two species can no longer interbreed

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