Quiz about Earth and Space Science CHAPTER3

Question 1

A nucleus contains which particles?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Protons and electrons

Answer

Neutrons, protons, and electrons

Answer

Electrons and neutrons

Question 2

What is formed when two or more atoms link up?

Accepted Answer

Molecule

Answer

Proton

Answer

Ion

Answer

Element

Question 3

Which of the following is a particle with a positive electric charge?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Neutron

Question 4

How can the ratio of different elements affect matter?

Accepted Answer

It affects the physical and chemical properties of matter

Answer

It affects the temperature of matter

Answer

It determines the size of matter

Answer

It has no impact on matter

Question 5

Between the equator and the North Pole is Earth's _______

Accepted Answer

Northern hemisphere

Answer

Northern quartersphere

Answer

Northern halfsphere

Answer

Northern demisphere

Question 6

The _______ Hemisphere is West of the Prime Meridian to the International Date Line.

Accepted Answer

Western

Answer

Eastern

Answer

Southern

Answer

Northern

Question 7

The arc shape of Earth's shadow on the moon during a ________ eclipse exposed Earth as being round

Accepted Answer

Lunar

Answer

Solar

Question 8

Without Earth's magnetic field, complex life could probably not exist.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 9

The Earth is surrounded by a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

Magnetic field

Answer

Electric field

Answer

Both A and B

Answer

None of the above

Question 10

Earth's magnetic field ________

Accepted Answer

Has changed direction in the past

Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Varies with the gravitational force

Answer

None of the above

Question 11

A magnetic field is generated by convection in the liquid outer core.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 12

The length of a day and a night is different in different locations on Earth and in different seasons.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 13

Earth's axis of rotation passes through the planet from the North Pole to the ________.

Accepted Answer

South Pole

Answer

Core

Answer

Prime Meridian

Answer

Equator

Question 14

What is the name for the imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth from the North to the South Pole?

Accepted Answer

Axis

Answer

Geographic Pole

Answer

Magnetic Pole

Answer

Equator

Question 15

Even though a day-night cycle is always 24 hours, which of these factors vary by location?

Accepted Answer

All of these

Answer

Sunrise and sunset

Answer

The length of day and night

Answer

The amount of daylight and darkness

Question 16

_______ takes the shortest time to make one revolution around the sun, while Neptune takes the longest.

Accepted Answer

Mercury

Answer

Venus

Answer

Mars

Question 17

The Earth takes approximately 365.25 days to revolve around the Sun. To account for the time beyond 365 days, we add a day to the calendar ___________.

Accepted Answer

Every 4th year

Answer

Every 5th year

Answer

Every other year

Answer

Every 3rd year

Question 18

Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model, in which the planets orbit the Sun.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 19

The Coriolis effect:

Accepted Answer

The apparent motion of freely moving objects as Earth rotates beneath them

Answer

The force of Earth's rotation pushing on freely moving objects

Answer

What happens when freely moving objects, like air and water, meet high and low pressure cells

Answer

None of these

Question 20

What is the direction of deflection in the Southern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Left

Answer

Right

Answer

Upwards

Answer

Both A and B

Question 21

What is the direction of deflection in the Northern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Right

Answer

Left

Answer

Downwards

Answer

Upwards

Question 22

What happens in the Northern Hemisphere around September 22?

Accepted Answer

Autumnal equinox

Answer

Summer solstice

Answer

Vernal equinox

Answer

Winter solsitce

Question 23

Which hemisphere experiences the spring equinox on March 21 or 22?

Accepted Answer

Northern

Answer

Western

Answer

Southern

Answer

Eastern

Question 24

Which of the following is the main cause of seasonal changes on Earth?

Accepted Answer

The tilt of Earth's axis of rotation

Answer

The Earth's rotation on its axis

Answer

The Earth's orbit sometimes brings it closer to the Sun

Question 25

Why do the poles receive less solar radiation than the Equator?

Accepted Answer

The Sun's rays strike at a low angle and only during the summer

Answer

The Sun's rays strike directly but only during summer

Answer

The Sun's rays strike at a high angle in the winter and directly in the summer

Answer

None of the above

Question 26

A lunar eclipse happens when the Moon moves through the shadow of the Earth.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 27

The umbra is the part of the shadow in which light is ___________

Accepted Answer

Completely blocked

Answer

Partially lit

Answer

Partially blocked

Answer

Completely lit

Question 28

During a solar eclipse, the corona and solar prominences can be seen.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 29

What happens to the temperature as the Earth is covered by the Moon's shadow?

Accepted Answer

It will get cooler outside

Answer

It will get hotter outside

Answer

The temperature will not change

Question 30

Solar eclipses occur when the Moon is in what phase?

Accepted Answer

New

Answer

Full

Answer

Crescent

Answer

Quarter

Question 31

A ________ eclipse occurs when the moon casts its shadow across Earth.

Accepted Answer

Solar

Answer

Lunar

Question 32

A lunar eclipse lasts for hours because:

Accepted Answer

Earth's shadow is large

Answer

The Moon moves more slowly during an eclipse

Answer

Multiple planetary bodies are blocking the Moon

Answer

Earth's shadow is small

Question 33

Which of these is true of total lunar eclipses?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

They are less common than partial lunar eclipses

Answer

The whole Moon enters Earth's umbra

Answer

They last for hours

Question 34

Why can a faint image of the Moon be seen during a new moon?

Accepted Answer

Sunlight reflects off Earth and hits the Moon

Answer

Light from other stars reflects off the Moon

Answer

The Moon emits some of its own light

Question 35

What moon phase appears when the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun?

Accepted Answer

New moon

Answer

Full moon

Answer

Quarter moon

Answer

Gibbous moon

Question 36

Which of the following statements describe why the moon has different phases?

Accepted Answer

The Moon's orbit around the Earth results in varying portions of the Moon's lit surface to be visible from Earth

Answer

The moon's atmosphere causes variations in the amount of light it can reflect, resulting in different phases

Answer

The moon's phases are caused by changes in Earth's magnetic field

Answer

The moon's phases change due to the rotation of Earth

Question 37

During a new moon, the moon is between _______ and Earth, so the side of the moon facing Earth is completely unlit.

Accepted Answer

The Sun

Answer

Mars

Answer

A spaceship

Answer

A satellite

Question 38

How does Earth's overall density compare to the crust?

Accepted Answer

It is more dense

Answer

It is less dense

Answer

It has the same density

Question 39

In what ways could a geologist's understanding of the Earth's layers assist in their investigation of earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

By analyzing seismic waves and determining the characteristics of various rock and soil layers, which help assess earthquake hazards

Answer

Geologists can manipulate seismic activity and prevent or minimize the strength of earthquakes

Answer

Geologists analyze how seismic waves travel through rock material to determine what rare minerals are present

Answer

By studying the Earth's layers, geologists can predict the magnitude of an earthquake

Question 40

How do seismic waves give scientists information about Earth's interior?

Accepted Answer

They change speed and direction through different materials

Answer

They travel at constant speeds

Answer

They behave the same in all materials

Answer

They travel in straight lines

Question 41

What layer is the seafloor a part of?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 42

Which example BEST describes an interaction between the lithosphere and hydrosphere?

Accepted Answer

Rivers eroding away banks and transporting sediment downstream

Answer

Movement of tectonic plates, causing earthquakes

Answer

Wildlife, such as lizards, making homes in sandstone rocks by burrowing into the rock

Answer

Tectonic plates thrusting together to form a mountain range

Question 43

Ponds, rivers, glaciers, and oceans are part of which system?

Accepted Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 44

Which outer layer of Earth consists of the parts of Earth made of solid rock?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Atmosphere

Answer

Biosphere

Question 45

Which layer is mostly made of oxygen and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

Atmosphere

Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Biosphere

Question 46

The mantle is what layer of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Middle

Answer

Inner

Answer

Outer

Question 47

What is true about the crust?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

There are two types of crust, continental and oceanic.

Answer

The crust is less than 1% of Earth's mass

Answer

It is the outermost layer

Question 48

What is the layer of Earth directly below the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Outer core

Question 49

Oceanic crust is _______.

Accepted Answer

Mostly formed from basalt lava

Answer

Mostly made of gabbro

Answer

Almost all formed with granitic rock

Answer

A granitic layer with sediments on top

Question 50

The continental crust rises higher on the mantle than the oceanic crust because of its relatively low density.

Accepted Answer

TRUE

Answer

FALSE

Question 51

Which of the following is true for oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

It makes up the seafloor

Answer

It is thicker than the continental crust

Answer

It is less dense than continental crust

Answer

It is felsic in nature

Question 52

Continental crust is made up of _______

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Metamorphic rocks

Answer

Igneous rocks

Answer

Sedimentary rocks

Question 53

Peridotite is primarily found in which of the following layers of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Inner core

Question 54

Select all possible answers:

Which of the following is a real world example of demonstrating convection?

Accepted Answer

The heating and cooling of air in a hot air balloon to make it float in the sky

Accepted Answer

The flow of hot air from a space heater in a room

Answer

The melting of polar ice caps due to climate change

Answer

The heating of a metal spoon when placed in a hot cup of coffee

Question 55

Name the element that is most abundant in the Earth's core and is responsible for magnetism

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Nickel

Answer

Gold

Answer

Magnesium

Question 56

The core is made of

Accepted Answer

Iron and nickel metal

Answer

Peridotite

Answer

Gabbro and basalt

Answer

None of these

Question 57

As compared to the crust of Earth, Earth's core is believed to be _________

Accepted Answer

Greater in density, hotter, and composed of more Iron

Answer

More dense, cooler, and composed of less Iron

Answer

Lower in density, hotter, and composed of less Iron

Answer

Lower in density, cooler, and composed of more Iron

Question 58

Which of the following is used to study the interior of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Metallic meteorites

Answer

Density calulations

Answer

Magnetic fields

Question 59

Earth's internal layer with the highest density is the _________

Accepted Answer

Inner core

Answer

Oceanic crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer core

Question 60

How does the material of the lithosphere behave?

Accepted Answer

As a brittle solid

Answer

As molten metal

Answer

As a solid that flows

Answer

As a liquid

Question 61

What is the outermost mechanical layer of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Thermosphere

Earth and Space Science CHAPTER3

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