Period 4 Vocab/Events

Also known as the "Revolution of 1800," was a pivotal presidential election in the United States, where Thomas Jefferson defeated the incumbent John Adams and marked the first peaceful transition of power between political parties, solidifying the importance of democratic principles.

• Election of 1800

• War of 1812

• Marbury v Madison

• Midnight Judges

Refers to a group of federal judges appointed by President John Adams in the final hours of his presidency, particularly in the late hours of March 3, 1801, as he tried to maintain Federalist influence in the judicial branch before Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican administration took office.

• Election of 1800

• Midnight Judges

• Midnight Revolution

• Federalist Judge Appointments

Was a highly publicized 1807 trial in which the former Vice President of the United States, Aaron Burr, was accused of treason for allegedly plotting to establish an independent empire in the Western United States; he was ultimately acquitted.

• Trail of Tears

• Trial of Alexander Hamilton

• Trial of Aaron Burr

• The Western Confederacy

In 1807, was a controversial and ill-fated policy that sought to protect American interests by imposing a trade embargo, prohibiting U.S. ships from trading with foreign nations, especially Britain and France, ultimately causing economic hardships and leading to its repeal in 1809.

• George Washington's Farwell Address

• War of 1812

• Embargo of 1809

• Jefferson's Embargo

Was a series of secret meetings held in 1814 in Hartford, Connecticut, by Federalist delegates from New England states, where they discussed grievances and opposition to the War of 1812 and made proposals for constitutional amendments to limit the power of the federal government; it marked the decline of the Federalist Party.

• Hartford Conventions

• Federalist Meetings

• Federalist Conventions

• Trial of Aaron Burr

Was an agreement signed in 1814, ending the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain, and it restored the status quo ante bellum, meaning it essentially reestablished the pre-war boundaries and conditions between the two nations.

• Treaty of Ghent

• Treaty of Paris

• Peace of Paris

• Treaty of Versailles

Fought in January 1815, was a pivotal engagement in the War of 1812, where American forces, under the command of General Andrew Jackson, successfully defended the city of New Orleans from a British invasion, despite the war having technically ended with the Treaty of Ghent.

• Battle of the Swamp

• Battle for Louisiana

• Battle of New Orleans

• Andrew Jackson's Legacy

Was an economic plan developed by Henry Clay in the early 19th century, which aimed to promote economic self-sufficiency and national unity in the United States by advocating for protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements such as infrastructure development.

• The American System

• Hamilton's System

• Henry Clay Economic Model

• Era of Good Feelings

Occurred during James Monroe's presidency from 1817 to 1825, was a period of relative political harmony and one-party rule in the United States, marked by a decline in partisan conflicts and a sense of national unity following the War of 1812.

• The Dominance of the Democratic Republicans

• Era of Good Feelings

• Era of Unity

• The Era of National Harmony

Signed in 1819 and ratified in 1821, was an agreement between the United States and Spain that defined the western boundary of the United States and ceded Florida to the United States, while also addressing mutual territorial claims and establishing a border.

• Treaty of Florida

• Florida Purchas

• Adams-Onis Treaty

• Louisiana Purchase