Ethical Decision Making Models 15-21

What are the four phases of the DOER method?

• Delimit the conflict with a complete evaluation of the patient’s health, identifying reasons, circumstances and facts. It is also necessary to consider the deontological code.

• Offer the patient options with objective, true and complete information.

• Elect the option that seems optimal for the patient who should choose it freely based on the alternatives offered.

• Resolve the conflict and communicate with the interdisciplinary team the option chosen by the patient and the stance to adopt, later evaluating this choice.

What are the two broad categories that influence decision making in the Brommer, Gratto, Gravender and Tuttle Model?

• Environmental factors

• Individual factors

• Diversity of the environment, work, personnel who work in the organizations, professional aspects, governmental, legal and social aspects.

• Factors attributable to the environment

What are the eight steps in the G. Corey, M. Corey and P. Callanan Model?

• Identify the dilemma.

• Identify the possible problems involved.

• Review the relevant ethical codes.

• Know the laws and regulations that may be applied to the case.

• Make the consults that may be required to clarify the case.

What are the steps in the Kenneth Pope and Melba Vasquez Model?

• Identify the person who is in the center of the events.

• Identify the situation that requires making an ethical decision.

• Anticipate who will be affected by this decision.

• Assess the relevance of the different areas involved in the situation (e.g., degree of knowledge and experience).

• Review the ethical standards.

What are the steps in the Bush, Connell and Denney Model?

• Election and implementation of a course of action

• Consideration of the consequences for each of the possible solutions

• Evaluation of the results and execution of necessary changes

• Development of possible solutions

• Identification of the problem

What factors are considered in the Ferrell, Gresham and Fraedrich Model?

• Individual factors

• Organizational factors

• Social and economic environment

• Moral, family, and social aspects, education, beliefs and behaviors acquired through formal education, relevant cultural background for ethical behavior

• Influence of key persons within the organization

What are the key elements in the Hunt and Vitell Model?

• Cultural environment

• Professional environment

• Labor/industrial environment

• Organizational environment

• Personal characteristics