Middle Ages Review

Justice among the early Germanic peoples depended upon:

• principles of Roman law

• Wergild

• private vengeance

• local government

In the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE)

birth was important in securing high office.

• True

• False

Who were the elites of the Kamakura period (1185 to 1333) in Japan?

• Landowning military men from the provinces.

• Aristocrats residing in the Imperial Court in Kyoto.

• Merchants who had bought land and titles of nobility.

• Confucian scholars who staffed the government bureaucracy.

How did the (Outer-Circuit) Sub-Saharan African world relate to the Central Asian Steppe?

• They were under constant threat of invasion and had to develop strong centralized states to control their territory.

• They were insulated from equestrian steppe nomads and did not face imperatives to build coercive hierarchies.

How did the western half of the Silk Road become Islamic?

[Richard Foltz in Reilly, 233-249]

• Forced religious conversions of the newly subordinated local lords followed the

  Muslim military victories.

• Muslim missionaries attached themselves to trade caravans and helped convert the Steppe people to Islam.

• Participation in commercial activities provided a strong motivation to convert, since the Muslims dominated trans-Asian trade.

In Polynesian societies,

the distance of an individual from the senior line of descent

was the criterion for stratification.

• True

• False

Which element in Western Europe

effectively undermined imperial power?

• Self-governed cities,

  like Genoa and Venice.

• The Papacy and

  the Catholic Church

• Counts, dukes, and local lords responsibile for order in their own regions

• Migrating invaders