PNC3 Mobility

A 25-year-old woman presents with recent fatigue and visual field changes. Over the past few months, she has also been experiencing loss of balance and leg spasms. An MRI is conducted and confirms the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. In relation to the pathophysiology of the disease, which of the following structures are affected?

• Peripheral Nerves

• Schwann Cells

• Epyndymal Cells

• Oligodendrocytes

Which food selected by a client with osteoporosis indicates that the nurse's dietary instruction was effective?

• Red meat

• Soft Drinks

• Turnip greens

• Enriched grains

Which statement made by a client with Multiple Sclerosis indicates the need for further teaching?

• "I may have long periods of time with no symptoms."

• "I will take a hot bath to help relax my muscles."

• "I plan to use an incontinence pad when I go out."

• "I may be having a rough time now, but I hope tomorrow will be better."

A client is diagnosed with osteoporosis when hospitalized. The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan of care. Which of these instructions should be included in this discharge teaching plan? Select all that apply.

• Eat a healthy diet high in calcium, such as milk, cheese, and almonds.

• Smoking cessation.

• Decrease your vitamin D intake.

• Reduce excessive caffeine and alcohol.

• Begin weight-bearing exercises three times a week for at least 30 minutes a day.

A patient asked what causes her Multiple Sclerosis symptoms. Which of the following is the correct pathophysiology for multiple sclerosis to include in the education plan? "MS is an autoimmune disease that____________."

• attacks the gaps of the axon in the CNS, causing inflammation and destruction.

• attacks the myelin sheath of the axon in the CNS, causing inflammation and destruction.

• attacks the gaps of the axon in the peripheral nervous system, causing inflammation and destruction

• attacks the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system, causing inflammation and destruction

A 76yo male client asks the nurse about decreasing the chances of getting osteoporosis like his wife. Which is the best response by a nurse?

• "Exercise is a good way to prevent this problem."

• "This is a problem only for women."

• "You are not at risk because of your small body frame."

• "You might think of having a bone density test."

A client with multiple sclerosis is receiving baclofen. The nurse determines that the drug is effective if it achieves which of the following?

• Induces sleep to improve fatigue

• Stimulates the client's appetite

• Relieves muscular spasticity

• Reduce the urine bacterial count

A client with osteoporosis is placed on alendronate weekly. What instruction is priority to teach the client about taking this medication?

• Take the medication after eating a meal and lay down for 30 minutes after taking it

• Take the medication on an empty stomach and sit up 30 min after taking it

• Take the medication at bedtime and go straight to bed to avoid nausea

• Take the medication before getting out of bed and lay still for 1 hour after taking it

A client was recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Which of the following interventions must be stressed to the client? Select all that apply.

• Increase intensity of workouts

• Decrease intensity of workouts

• Limit Stress

• Stop Smoking

• Avoid sun exposure

The nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk of developing this disorder?

• A 25yo woman who jogs

• A 36yo man who has asthma

• A 70yo man who consumes excessive alcohol

• A 65yo woman who is sedentary and smokes cigarettes