10-minute Quiz : Ch55 Green chemistry for industrial production

In which of the following ways can we achieve sustainable development?

• A. Using resources wisely without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• B. Using resources freely without considering the needs of future generations
• C. Using all the resources to develop new technologies
• D. Using all the resources to expand our knowledge

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of green chemistry?

• A. Using renewable raw materials
• B. Designing safer chemical products
• C. Maximizing atom economy
• D. Avoiding the use of catalysts

Which of the following types of reaction has the highest atom economy?

• A. Addition
• B. Substitution
• C. Hydrolysis
• D. Condensation

Which of the following statements about the atom economy of a reaction is correct?

• A. It is related to the extent of the reaction.
• B. It is a measure of how efficiently the reaction uses its reactant atoms.
• C. It increases with the number of by-products of the reaction.
• D. It increases when a catalyst is used in the reaction.

Consider the production of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane from 2-methylpropan-2-ol using concentrated hydrochloric acid.

(CH₃)₃COH + HCl → (CH₃)₃CCl + H₂O

What is the atom economy of this reaction?

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0, Cl = 35.5)

• A. 50.0%
• B. 67.0%
• C. 83.7%
• D. 95.0%

Which of the following are emphases of green chemistry?

(1) Using less energy to operate a process

(2) Getting a higher yield per reaction cycle

(3) Preventing chemical accidents from occurring

• A. (1) and (2) only
• B. (1) and (3) only
• C. (2) and (3) only
• D. (1), (2) and (3)

Which of the following is/are the reason(s) for considering the Haber process as NOT green?

(1) The hydrogen used in the Haber process is obtained from the steam reforming of natural gas.

(2) The ammonia produced in the Haber process is a pungent toxic gas.

(3) The Haber process consumes a lot of energy.

• A. (1) only
• B. (2) only
• C. (1) and (3) only
• D. (2) and (3) only

In the Haber process, although the yield of the reaction is only about 15%, the reaction has an atom economy of 100%. Which of the following statements correctly explains the difference?

• A. The iron catalyst, which is in finely divided form, is ineffective.
• B. The reaction involved is incomplete.
• C. There are many side reactions in this process.
• D. The operating temperature of over 400°C is too high for the reaction involved.

Industrially, ethanol can be manufactured by two of the methods as shown in the diagram. Which of the following statements explains why Method I can be regarded as greener than Method II?

• A. Ethanol manufactured by Method I can be purified by distillation.
• B. Ethanol manufactured by Method I does not require the use of catalyst.

• C. Ethanol manufactured by Method I does not require the use of fuel.
• D. Ethanol manufactured by Method I uses renewable feedstock.

Consider the industrial production of acetic acid by the CATIVA process. Which of the following green chemistry practices have been adopted in the CATIVA process?

(1) The methanol can be produced from renewable resources.

(2) The main reaction has an atom economy of 100%.

(3) The separation and purification of the acetic acid require less energy.

• A. (1) and (2) only
• B. (1) and (3) only
• C. (2) and (3) only
• D. (1), (2) and (3)