IP Addressing and DHCP

An 8-bit binary number. An IPv4 address consists of four of these that are separated by a dot.

• Subnet

• Octet

• Quartet

A 32-bit number that defines which portion of an IPv4 address identifies the network address and which portion of the address defines the host address.

• Default Gateway

• Subnet Address

• Subnet Mask

A nonprofit, private American corporation that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System, media types, and other Internet Protocol-related symbols and internet numbers.

• IANA

• Public IP

• Private IP

An IP address that is used to access the internet.

• Public IP

• Private IP

• Intranet

An IP address that is used only on an internal network. These IP addresses do not go out on the internet.

• Public IP Address

• Private IP Address

• Network Address

A feature that allows a device to automatically assign itself an IP address on the 169.254.0.0 network when a DHCP server or manual configuration is unavailable.

• Static IP Addressing

• DHCP

• Automatic Private IP Addressing

This special address is also known as home or localhost. This address is reserved by each network interface card (NIC) and is used for testing purposes.
Ping requests can be sent to this address and if returned means that the NIC is capable of sending and receiving data packets.

• Broadcast Address

• Loopback Address

• Network Address

The last valid IP address on a network. It is reserved for specific functions. Any packet sent to this address will be sent to all devices on the network.

• Network Address

• Host Address

• Broadcast Address

The first valid IP address on the network. This address is used for routing purposes to identify the network.

• IP Address

• Network Address

• Default Gateway

The process of dividing a large network into smaller networks.

• Subnetting

• DHCP

• DNS