PCR Review

A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.

• DNA ligase

• restriction enzymes

• gel electrophoresis

• polymerase chain reaction

What is the purpose of the Extension step of PCR?

• To create the primers.
• To extend the time it takes to produce DNA.
• To allow polymerase to create the complementary strands of DNA.
• To allow substrates to copy DNA sequences.

What happens during the Anneal step of PCR?

• Primers are created.
• The primers attach to the target DNA region.
• Primers copy the new DNA strand.
• Primers sequence DNA

What happens in the Denature step of PCR?

• The DNA nucleotides are broken apart.
• The base-pairing rules for DNA are reversed.
• The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single strands of DNA.
• The DNA is returned to its natural setting.

Place the following steps of PCR in order based on how they would happen in a lab:

• Gel Electrophoresis

• PCR - denaturing, annealing, extension

• PCR troubleshooting

• Design primers (oligonucleotides)

• Identify the location of the target sequence in the DNA template

You decide to use PCR to determine if you have Cystic Fibrosis, a genetic disorder. You then decide to also check if you are at risk for developing Alzheimers, another genetic disorder.
What PCR "ingredient" would be different in these two tests?

• Topoisomerase

• Nucleotides

• Taq DNA polymerase

• Primers

Why does PCR require a specific type of polymerase?

• Taq polymerase can withstand the range of temperatures in PCR without denaturing.
• Taq polymerase is the most inexpensive type of polymerase.
• Taq polymerase is the most common type of polymerase.
• A specific type of polymerase is unnecessary.

Identify the REVERSE SEQUENCE.

Identify the REVERSE PRIMER.

From where does Taq polymerase come?

• Bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents/hot springs.

• Cambodia

• The rain forest

• The CDC