AP Bio Unit 4 Cell Communication 23-24

What extracellular component aids in direct cell-cell communication?

• Cell Wall

• Cytoskeleton

• Glycolipid

• Secretory Vesicle

Answer explanation

Glycolipids are short carbohydrates attached to lipid molecules. These are used for cell to cell communication. The sugar component will bind to an active site on a receptor protein of another cell to communicate.

Signaling where ligand binds to nearby cell...?

• Autocrine

• Hormonal

• Paracrine

• Synaptic

Answer explanation

Paracrine signaling refers to a local signaling where the signaling molecule is released from a nearby cell then binds to a receptor on the target cell.

Signal that binds to the secreting cell...?

• Autocrine

• Hormone

• Paracrine

• Synaptic

Answer explanation

The prefix “auto” means self, so autocrine will bind to the same cell. The secreting cell is also the target cell. The signaling molecule is released from the cell then binds to a receptor on that same cell.

What extracellular component aids in direct cell-cell communication?

• Cell Wall

• Cytoskeleton

• Glycolipid

• Secretory Vesicle

Answer explanation

Glycolipids are short carbohydrates attached to lipid molecules. These are used for cell to cell communication. The sugar component will bind to an active site on a receptor protein of another cell to communicate.

Signaling where ligand binds to nearby cell...?

• Autocrine

• Hormonal

• Paracrine

• Synaptic

Answer explanation

Paracrine signaling refers to a local signaling where the signaling molecule is released from a nearby cell then binds to a receptor on the target cell.

Signal that binds to the secreting cell...?

• Autocrine

• Hormone

• Paracrine

• Synaptic

Answer explanation

The prefix “auto” means self, so autocrine will bind to the same cell. The secreting cell is also the target cell. The signaling molecule is released from the cell then binds to a receptor on that same cell.

What type of signaling is shown?

• Autocrine

• Hormone

• Paracrine

• Synaptic

Answer explanation

In autocrine signaling, the secreting cell is also the target cell. As you see in the image, the cell secretes the signaling molecule then it binds to a receptor on the membrane.

Describe the pathway of signaling molecule released from the cell.

Answer explanation

› Protein synthesized in Rough ER

› Protein modified in Golgi bodies

› Secretory vesicle fuses with plasma membrane

› Signaling molecule released by exocytosis

Signaling by cell to cell contact like a Helper T cell binding to an antigen presenting cell. Which describes the type of signaling?

• Direct Signaling

• Local Signaling

• Long Distance Signaling

• Synaptic Signaling

Answer explanation

The antigen presenting cell has the antigen bound to a MHC on the membrane. The white blood cell receptor will bind to the antigen. This is a direct contact between the two cells hence “direct signaling”.

In autocrine signaling, which cell released the signal?

• A nearby cell

• An endocrine cell

• The brain cell

• The same cell

Answer explanation

In autocrine signaling, the secreting cell is also the target cell. The prefix “auto” means self so the signaling molecule will be released then bound to the same cell.