APGoPo Unit 3: Week 3-4 Key Terms

1. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

• Second Amendment

• Fourth Amendment

• Fifth Amendment

• Sixth Amendment

1. Court ruled that the Second Amendment must be protected by the states based on the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

• Gideon v. Wainwright

• Brown v. Board of Education

• McDonald v. Chicago

• Wisconsin v. Yoder

1. Rule established by the Court that states that evidence the government finds or takes in violation of the Fourth Amendment can be excluded from trial.

• Miranda Rule

• Title IX

• USA Freedom Act

• Exclusionary Rule

1. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

• Fourth Amendment

• Fifth Amendment

• Sixth Amendment

• Eighth Amendment

1. The analysis by courts to guarantee legislation is narrowly tailored to avoid violations of law.

• Strict scrutiny

• Judicial restraint

• Affirmative action

• Miranda Rule

Written into the Constitution, a clause in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments that prohibits the government from depriving a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

• Due Process Clause

• Equal Protection Clause

• Supremacy Clause

• Necessary and Proper Clause

1. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

• Fourth Amendment

• Fifth Amendment

• Sixth Amendment

• Fourteenth Amendment

1. Places limits on what liberties the government can take away or deprive a citizen of by protecting people from policies in which no legitimate state interest exists or the state interest fails to override the citizens’ rights.

• Procedural due process

• Procedural equal protection

• Substantive due process

• Substantive equal protection

1. A federal law prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in various aspects of public life, including employment and public accommodations.

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Miranda Rule

• Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Title IX

1. Court overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision, stating that the “separate but equal” standard violated the Fourteenth Amendment's equal but protection clause.

• McDonald v. Chicago

• 1. Gideon v. Wainwright

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Schenck v. United States