ANATOMY 2 Digestive System LU 6

What is the term for taking of food into the body called?

• ingestion

• digestion

• peristalsis

• absorption

Answer explanation

The term for taking food into the body is called ingestion. It refers specifically to the process of consuming food, while digestion, peristalsis, and absorption are subsequent processes involved in processing food.

Match the following

• carbohydrates into glucose

• amylase breaks down

• proteins into amino acids

• protease breaks down

• fats into glycerol and 3 fatty acids

• lipase breaks down

Where does most digestion take place?

• large intestine

• small intestine

• stomach

• liver

Answer explanation

Most digestion occurs in the small intestine, where enzymes break down food and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The large intestine mainly absorbs water, while the stomach primarily initiates digestion.

In which digestive organ are villi found?

• pancreas

• stomach

• large intestine

• small intestine

Answer explanation

Villi are small, finger-like projections that increase the surface area for absorption. They are primarily found in the small intestine, which is the main site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system.

Organize these options into the right categories

Groups:

(a) Gastrointestinal organs

,

(b) accessory organs

• stomach

• pharynx

• teeth

• mouth

• tongue

• salivary glands

• large intestines

• small intestines

• liver

• buccal cavity

• pancrease

• esophagus

• gall bladder

What is the first section of the small intestine?

• Ilium

• Ileum

• Jejunum

• Duodenum

Answer explanation

The first section of the small intestine is the duodenum. It connects to the stomach and is responsible for the initial phase of digestion, making it distinct from the ileum and jejunum, which follow it.

What type of cells produce HCl?

• Epithelial Cells

• Parietal Cells

• Mucous Cells

• Goblet Cells

Answer explanation

Parietal cells, located in the stomach lining, are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid (HCl), which aids in digestion. Epithelial, mucous, and goblet cells have different functions and do not produce HCl.

The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct form the ductus choledochus.

• true

• false

Answer explanation

The statement is true because the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct combine to form the common bile duct, also known as the ductus choledochus, which transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum.

Which gastrointestinal organ is formed by the cheeks, hard and soft palate and tongue?

• mouth

• esophagus

• liver

• tongue

Answer explanation

The mouth is the gastrointestinal organ formed by the cheeks, hard and soft palate, and tongue, making it the correct answer. The esophagus and liver are different organs, and the tongue is just one part of the mouth.

The chief cells of the stomach secrete (a)   the parietal cells secrete ​ (b)   and the mucous cells produce ​ (c)  

• pepsinogen

• intrinsic factor

• mucous

• bicarbonate

• pepsin

Answer explanation

The chief cells of the stomach secrete pepsinogen, which is activated to pepsin for protein digestion. Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption, while mucous cells produce mucous to protect the stomach lining.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7