Genetics Exam

What organism did Gregor Mendel primarily use to study inheritance?

• horses

• fruit flies

• orchids

• pea plants

A sequence of DNA that codes for a specific protein product is called a ____

• gene

• transcription factor

• chromatid

• centromere

Sometimes genes have different versions- these are called ___

• chromosomes

• alleles

• sister chromatids

• centrioles

A pea plant is heterozygous for flower color. This means its genotype must be

• GG

• gg

• Gg

• green

Short is the recessive phenotype for pea plants. If two short pea plants were crossed, is there a chance any of the offspring would be tall?

• yes, there is a chance

• no, there is not a chance

Sickle cell anemia is a disease that affects the shape of red blood cells. The gene is marked by codominance. Upon examination of someone's blood cells, half cells are normal shaped and half are sickle-shaped. This person's genotype is likely

• homozygous dominant

• homozygous recessive

• heterozygous

• cannot be determined from this information

Cystic Fibrosis is a recessive autosomal disorder of the lungs.  If two healthy parents married, but they knew they were both carriers (Cc) for the disorder, what is the probability that their children may get cystic fibrosis? 

• 100%

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

A green frog and a purple frog breed and their offspring are green with purple spots. What type of inheritance is at play here?

• Simple dominance

• incomplete dominance

• codominance

• pleiotropy

Huntington's disease is a genetic brain disease caused by a dominant allele (H).  If an affected man (Hh) and an unaffected woman (hh) have children, what percentage of their offspring are at risk for developing the disease.  

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

What is the name for the technique used to create many copies of a specific sequence of DNA?

• Sanger sequencing

• Gel electrophoresis

• DNA microarray

• PCR