PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Which of the following statements best describes reversible cell injury?

• Cellular damage is severe, leading to irreversible changes.

• The cell undergoes changes but can return to its normal state if the stimulus is removed.

• The cell adapts to the injury by increasing its size.

• The injury primarily affects the extracellular matrix.

In the context of cell adaptation, what is hypertrophy?

• Increase in the number of cells

• Decrease in cell size

• Increase in cell size

• Change in cell shape

What is a common consequence of prolonged ischemia?

• Cellular swelling

• Fatty change

• Necrosis

• Apoptosis

Which type of adaptation occurs in response to chronic stress?

• Hyperplasia

• Hypertrophy

• Atrophy

• Metaplasia

Which organelle is often affected during cell injury?

• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

• Golgi apparatus

• Nucleus

• Lysosomes

What is the main cause of cell injury during hypoxia?

• Increased oxygen supply

• Decreased ATP production

• Enhanced mitochondrial function

• Elevated pH

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which cellular adaptation is commonly seen in skeletal muscles during regular exercise?

• Hypertrophy

• Atrophy

• Metaplasia

• Hyperplasia

In the context of cell injury and adaptation, which process involves programmed cell death and is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis?

• Hypertrophy

• Necrosis

• Apoptosis

• Hyperplasia

Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of inflammation?

• Inflammation is a specific immune response that targets only bacteria.

• Inflammation is a protective response to injury or infection, involving blood vessel dilation and immune cell recruitment.

• Inflammation is a long-term process that aims to repair damaged tissues.

• Inflammation is primarily mediated by red blood cells.

What is the primary purpose of inflammation in the body?

• To generate energy

• To initiate blood clotting

• To protect against injury and infection

• To regulate body temperature