Unit 7 Reivew

What is the difference between RNA and DNA? Select all that apply.

• RNA is one strand, DNA is two

• RNA has bases A, C, G and U; DNA uses A, C, G and T

• DNA is one strand, RNA is two

• DNA has bases A, C, G and U; RNA uses A, C, G and T

What process determines the specific kind of job a cell will differentiate to do? Select all that apply.

• Gene regulation

• Gene expression

• Protein synthesis

• RNA synthesis

What is the difference between transcription and translation? Select all that apply.

• Transcription happens in the cytoplasm, translation happens at the ribosome

• Transcription must happen first in order for translation to occur

• Transcription turns DNA into RNA, translation turns RNA into proteins

• Transcription turns mRNA into tRNA, translation turns tRNA into rRNA

Assuming all of the mutations listed below only apply to one single base pair, which types are most likely to result in a nonfunctional protein? Select all that apply.

• Missense

• Nonsense

• Silent

• Insertion

• Deletion

What do the codons UAA, UAG, and UGA have in common?

• They are all start codons

• They are all stop codons

• They all code for Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)

• They are the only codons that start with Uracil

What is a mutagen?

• an agent that causes a genetic mutation

• a mutation in a gene

• a man-made substance that is used to fix DNA

• a component in transcription that makes changes to DNA

Which of the following is not like the others?

• chromosomal mutation

• frameshift mutation

• base substitution mutation

• transversion mutation

Examine the following gene: CGTATCTGCTGA

It is mutated into this sequence: CGTATCTGCGTGA

What type of mutation occurred? Select all that apply.

• point

• frameshift

• insertion

• deletion

Which of the following can cause mutations? Select all that apply.

• errors during DNA replication

• errors during DNA recombination

• chemical damage to DNA

• certain types of radiation

Mutations can be caused by physical, chemical, or biological agents. Which of the following would be biological? Select all that apply.

• heat

• radiation

• viruses

• bacteria