Unit 5.1 Review

In eighteenth century Great Britain, what invention led to a dramatic increase in coal production?

• The loom
• The automobile
• The factory system
• The steam engine

What effect did Great Britain’s laws have on industrialization in that country?

• They protected wage laborers from mistreatment and exploitation, which made the factories more successful.
• They protected large-scale investments and private property, which sped up industrialization.
• They prohibited this type of production but were not enforceable in the face of rapid growth, highlighting flaws in Great Britain’s legal system.
• They gave the government almost total control over the factories and the people who worked in them.

Which response is NOT one of the many pre-existing factors that many say caused the Industrial Revolution to start in Great Britain, rather than anywhere else?

• Favorable laws concerning finance and private property
• A strong wool trade that was easy to increase in scale with industrial technologies
• Abundant coal, due to that region’s particular geological makeup
• Cheap labor from a population eager to do coal-mining work

What made the Scientific Revolution “revolutionary”?

• Its concentration in one place
• Its direct influence on political revolutions
• The massive scale of its impact
• The fact that people were so innovative

What is the most important role that people outside of Europe played in laying the groundwork for the Scientific Revolution? Choose the best answer.

• They developed precursors to many of these revolutionary ideas.
• Their impact was minimal. There was little connection between Europe and Asia at this time.
• They preserved and translated ancient Greek and Roman texts.
• They created the scientific tools used in these revolutionary discoveries.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the Scientific Revolution and the Industrial Revolution?

• The Industrial Revolution provided Europe with the economic capital to support a philosopher and scientific class to develop new theories and ideas.
• The Scientific Revolution followed the Industrial Revolution as new ideas and technologies emerged that helped the scientific community.
• The Scientific Revolution made the Industrial Revolution possible by educating people and creating new ways of looking at nature.
• Many of the scientists involved in the Scientific Revolution directly applied their new tools and methods to developing industrial processes.

The discovery of fossil fuels and how to use them for energy was the basis of the Industrial Revolution. What quality of fossil fuels led to large-scale, worldwide inequality that persists today?

• Their scarcity
• Their high value
• Their harmful environmental effects
• Their uneven distribution

The steam engine was a key invention during the Industrial Revolution. It was used to power trains, ships, and other heavy machinery. What was the steam engine originally designed to do?

• To power trains that ran on large railway systems
• To pump water out of coal mines
• To generate electricity for power plants
• To power cotton spindles and looms

There is much debate over why the Industrial Revolution began in Britain and not somewhere else with an abundance of coal, like China. What is one possible reason industrialization started in Britain?

• An easier type of coal to mine – “dry coal” – found in Britain
• A capitalist economic system with heavy government involvement
• A large national railroad that helped transport coal and materials
• A shortage of wood along with convenient coal deposits

Why was building a national railroad a crucial part of industrialization?

• Trains allowed for the increased spread of innovation.
• Trains connected governments that supported industrialization.
• Trains could quickly transport materials to factories.
• Trains moved people at much faster rates than before.