AP Biology Unit 4 Vocabulary

Homeostasis definition

• the regulation of external environmental conditions
• the process of breaking down molecules for energy
• the production of new cells in the body
• the maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body

Negative Feedback Biology Definition

• Regulatory mechanism in biology where the output activates a different process
• Regulatory mechanism in biology where the output has no effect on the activity of the process itself
• Regulatory mechanism in biology where the output inhibits or reduces the activity of the process itself
• Regulatory mechanism in biology where the output enhances or increases the activity of the process itself

Positive Feedback Biology Definition

• The output or response decreases the original stimulus or input.
• The output or response has no effect on the original stimulus or input.
• The output or response amplifies the original stimulus or input.
• The output or response is unrelated to the original stimulus or input.

Receptor/ sensor Biology Definition

• Receptor/ sensor is a term used in biology to describe a molecule or structure that is capable of detecting a specific stimulus and initiating a response.
• Receptor/ sensor is a process in biology that involves the conversion of a stimulus into an electrical signal.
• Receptor/ sensor is a type of cell that is responsible for transmitting signals from the environment to the brain.
• sensory organs that detect a stimulus. This information is sent to the control center (brain)

Effector Biology Definition

• Effector biology is the study of how effectors function in biological systems.
• Effector biology is the study of how effectors are produced in biological systems.
• Effector biology is the study of how effectors are regulated in biological systems.
• muscle or gland that will respond

Response Biology Definition

• empty
• null
• not defined
• changes (decreases or increases) the effect of the stimulus

Stimuli Biology Definition

• Any changes in the environment that cannot be detected by an organism
• values for various physiological conditions that the body tries to maintain

• Any changes in the organism that can be detected by the environment
• Any changes in the environment that do not elicit a response

Disease Biology Definition

• The study of the biological processes and mechanisms that underlie the onset, progression, and prevention of diseases.
• The study of the psychological processes and mechanisms that underlie the onset, progression, and treatment of diseases.
• The study of the physical processes and mechanisms that underlie the onset, progression, and treatment of diseases.
• When the body is not able to maintain homeostasis

Gap Junction Biology Definition

• Gap junctions are involved in cell division.
• Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections between animal cells that allow for direct communication and exchange of ions, molecules, and electrical signals.

• Gap junctions are found in plant cells.

• Gap junctions are formed by tight junctions between plant cells.

Plasmodesmata Definition

• Tiny organisms that live inside plant cells
• Communication channels that traverse the cell walls of plant cells

• A type of organelle found in animal cells
• A type of protein that helps with cell division