Political Science

The following principles described here are best evidenced in which of the following political systems?

• Anarchy
• Monarchy
• Oligarchy
• Democratic Republic

Which of the following most accurately describes the structure of the United States government?

• Representative Democracy

• A parliamentary structure with power held by the legislative branch.
• A confederal structure with power concentrated in the state governments.
• A unitary structure with power concentrated in the national government.

At the end of a civics unit, a teacher splits the class into groups and hands them notecards, each labeled with a different form of government. In order to assess understanding, the teacher instructs the students to put the forms of government in order from least centralized to most centralized power. The following is a submission from one group of students: "Anarchy, Democracy, Oligarchy, Dictatorship, Monarchy." ​​ The example shows that the group of students might need additional instruction on which of the following concepts?

• Democracy gives power to a large number of people, therefore it should be placed last.

• A monarchy and a dictatorship are the same thing, so students need to understand that the last two notecards can be interchangeable.

• An oligarchy is the complete absence of government, so it should be placed first.

• 
  A dictatorship is typically the most centralized government, so it should be placed last.

The constitutional monarchy model operating in Great Britain is most similar to the government of which of the following?

• the Soviet Union

• the United States

• China

• 
  Spain

Which of the following best describes how the Enlightenment affected Europe during the 18th century?

• It led to significant changes in politics, philosophy, and society

• It had no impact on Europe during the 18th century
• It caused a decline in intellectual and cultural development
• It resulted in increased religious influence and conservatism

Of the following, which best summarizes the core beliefs at the center of social contract theory?

• Governments have the power to grant or take away natural rights.
• The authority of a government exists only as it is supported by the people it governs.

• Individuals have no rights and must obey the government.
• Governments are created to control and oppress individuals.

In what way did the Magna Carta limit the king's power?

• It required him to confer with nobles before making some decisions.

• By allowing the king to make all decisions without consulting anyone
• By abolishing the monarchy and establishing a republic
• By granting the king absolute power and authority

Which of the following describes an oligarchy?

• A form of government where power is held by a single individual.
• A form of government where power is held by the majority of the population.
• A form of government where power is held by a small group of people.

• A form of government where power is held by the military.

The Geneva Conventions are a set of international agreements that focus on:

• climate change

• human rights

• gender equality

• 
  nuclear weapons

Which of the following best identifies the core influence of the Mayflower Compact on later conceptions of government in the United States?

• It established a monarchy in the United States.
• It emphasized the importance of a strong central government.
• It promoted the idea of individual rights and freedoms.
• Government exists through a social contract of its citizens.