Epigenetics Quiz

What is epigenetics?

• The study of how DNA interacts with the environment

• The study of identical twins and their genetic differences

• The study of how genes are expressed and transcribed into RNA

• The study of how proteins determine a cell's characteristics

How do epigenetic changes affect gene transcription?

• Histones They boost transcription by unwinding the DNA

• Methylation inhibit gene expression by derailing the transcription machinery

• Histones cause DNA to coil more tightly, making it inaccessible

• All of the above

What is the set of chemical tags attached to the genome called?

• Transcriptome

• Epigenetics

• Genome

• Epigenome

How do epigenetic changes influence an organism's life?

• They have no influence on an organism's life

• They affect an organism for its entire life while the stimuli is present

• They only affect an organism's physical appearance

• They affect an organism only during cell division

What can influence the chemical tags that turn genes on and off?

• Chemical exposure

• All of the above

• Medication

• Diet

Why can genetically identical twins have different lives?

• Because of their different social experiences

• Because of their different DNA

• Because of having different environments can lead to different epigenomes

• Because of their different mutations caused by the environment

What happens to MOST epigenetic marks when egg and sperm cells are formed?

• They are influenced by the father's experiences

• They are passed on to the next generation

• They are influenced by the mother's experiences

• They are erased and have no impact on the next generation

What can create a healthy epigenome?

• Avoiding exposure to contaminants

• All of the above

• Regular exercise

• A balanced lifestyle with a healthy diet

What can epigenetics explain?

• All of the above

• The influence of the environment in gene expression

• Mechanisms of human development and aging

• Origins of cancer, heart disease, mental illness, and addiction

What is genetics?

• The study of our unique gene sequence

• The study of how genes affect our health

• The study of how our environment affects our genes

• The study of how proteins work in our body