Ch. 4.3 Cycles of Matter Review Questions

What are the three cycles of matter discussed in the text?

• Water Cycle, Carbon Cycle, and Nitrogen Cycle

• Water Cycle, Carbon Cycle, and Phosphorus Cycle

• Water Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, and Oxygen Cycle

• Water Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, and Phosphorus Cycle

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What are the main elements involved in the compounds found in organisms?

• Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Calcium

• Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sodium

• Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium

• Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Iron

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What are biogeochemical cycles?

• Processes that occur in the geosphere and include volcanoes, earthquakes, and rock formation

• Processes that pass elements and compounds from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another

• Processes that occur in the atmosphere and involve the formation of precipitation and lightning

• Processes that occur in the hydrosphere and involve the flow of water

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How does water enter the atmosphere in the water cycle?

• As water droplets through condensation in the atmosphere

• As solid ice through freezing of water bodies

• As liquid water through precipitation from clouds

• As water vapor through evaporation from bodies of water and transpiration from plants

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What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• They convert nitrates into nitrogen gas through denitrification

• They release nitrogen compounds from animal wastes and dead organisms

• They convert ammonia into nitrite and nitrate that can be used by primary producers

• They convert nitrogen gas into ammonia that can be used by plants

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What is the main nutrient that often limits productivity in the ocean?

• Nitrogen

• Phosphorus

• Calcium

• Potassium

What is the process by which soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas?

• Denitrification

• Respiration

• Nitrogen fixation

• Photosynthesis

What is the main component of fossil fuels?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Phosphorus

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What is the process by which carbon dioxide is exchanged between the atmosphere and oceans?

• Human activities

• Geological processes

• Biological processes

• Chemical and physical processes

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What is the importance of the carbon cycle?

• Carbon is often the limiting nutrient in aquatic ecosystems

• Carbon is necessary for all organisms to make amino acids and nucleic acids

• Carbon is a major component of organic compounds and fossil fuels

• Carbon is necessary for molecules such as nucleic acids

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