Unit 1: States of Matter

Alisa placed a small seashell on the pan of a balance. What other tool does she need to determine the density of the seashell?

• scale

• calculator

• thermometer

• graduated cylinder

Magnetism, solubility, and malleability are physical properties of matter. What makes these properties different from chemical properties?

• Physical properties relate to elements rather than compounds.

• Physical properties can be observed without attempting to change the identity of the substance.

• Physical properties appear only after a chemical change occurs.

• Physical properties describe elements in the solid state rather than in the liquid or gas state.

The diagram below models a change that occurs in matter.

Based on what you know about changes in matter, explain why the diagram shows a physical change rather than a chemical change.

• The particles get smaller.

• The volume of the matter decreases.

• The composition of the matter stays the same.

• The particles change into particles of different substances.

A child is upset because his ice cream is melting. He thinks he now has less dessert. Which of the following explanations correctly states why the child is incorrect?

• He actually has more, not less, ice cream.

• No mass is lost during a change of state.

• The mass will increase if he freezes the melted ice cream.

• Mass is lost only during certain changes of state, such as freezing.

Josie partially filled a graduated cylinder with water. She then dropped a rock into the water. The illustration below shows what happened to the level of the water inside the graduated cylinder.

Which property of matter is Josie measuring?

• mass

• length

• weight

• volume

Which of the following is a way in which elements and compounds are similar?

• Elements and compounds are both pure substances.

• Elements and compounds are both made up of different kinds of atoms.

• Elements and compounds are both listed on the periodic table.

• Elements and compounds can both be broken down by physical changes.

You are shining a light through liquids A and B, which are both mixtures. You can see the light pass through A, but B looks cloudy and you see tiny particles floating in it.

Which of these statements best describes the liquids?

• Both the liquids are solutions.

• Both the liquids are suspensions.

• A is a solution, and B is a suspension.

• A is a suspension, and B is a solution.

Which process is an example of a physical change?

• burning

• rusting

• flattening

• decomposing

The diagram below shows a magnet near a pile of particles of iron and sulfur. The magnet attracts the iron, separating it from the mixture.

Based on the diagram, which statement is true?

• The parts of a mixture keep their own properties.

• The elements in a compound keep their own properties.

• The properties of a mixture are different from the properties of its parts.

• The properties of a compound are different from the properties of its elements.

Chemical changes result in new substances, but physical changes do not. Which process is an example of a chemical change?

• chopping a tree

• cooking a steak

• having a cup of tea

• drying clothes in the dryer