Unit 6.1 Vocabulary Quiz

A _________________ cell contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent (2n), while a _________________ cell contains a single set of unpaired chromosomes (n)

• haploid, diploid
• homologous pair, sister chromatid
• diploid, haploid

Activation is having characteristics that allow specific functions to be performed.

• True
• False

Epigenetics is the study of factors that affect gene expression that are not directly linked to nucleotide sequence in genetic material (e.g. environmental factors).

• True
• False

Cell differentiation is a process by which information encoded in a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, such as a protein, which results in the phenotypic manifestation of the gene.

• True
• False

A pair of chromosomes of the same type, one from each parent; contain the same genes but different codes.

• Sister chromatids
• Homologous pairs
• Haploid
• Stem cells

Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis II.

• Sister chromatids
• Homologous pairs
• Sexual reproduction
• Recombination (crossing over)

A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and stimulates transcription of specific genes -

• Transcription factor
• Gene expression
• Environmental factor
• Specialized

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis; occurs during prophase I.

• Meiosis
• Fertilization
• Diploid
• Recombination (crossing over)

The process of producing offspring that receive genetic material from two parents via gametes.

• Fertilization
• Meiosis
• Asexual reproduction
• Sexual reproduction

A two-part cell division process in organisms that sexually reproduce, which results in gametes with one-half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.

• Sexual reproduction
• Haploid
• Meiosis
• Mitosis