AP Research: Explaining and Analyzing Line of Reasoning Quiz

What is a line of reasoning?

• A conclusion without any evidence

• A random collection of claims

• A single piece of evidence and reasoning

• A series of claims justified through evidence

How can you determine the line of reasoning in an argument?

• By analyzing the purpose of the argument

• By counting the number of claims in the argument

• By looking at the length of the argument

• By guessing randomly

What are the two types of reasoning mentioned by the College Board?

• Inductive and deductive reasoning

• Bottom-up and top-down reasoning

• Specific and general reasoning

• Observational and factual reasoning

What is inductive reasoning?

• Using assumptions to draw conclusions

• Using examples to prove a rule

• Using broad facts to generate specific conclusions

• Using specific observations to make generalizations

What is deductive reasoning?

• Using specific observations to make generalizations

• Using assumptions to draw conclusions

• Using broad facts to generate specific conclusions

• Using examples to prove a rule

What should you watch out for when using inductive reasoning?

• That specific observations lead to larger conclusions

• That assumptions are true

• That generalizations are accurate

• That examples prove a rule

What should you watch out for when using deductive reasoning?

• That generalizations are accurate

• That examples prove a rule

• That assumptions are true

• That specific observations lead to larger conclusions

What is an indicator of a valid argument?

• Loaded language

• Logical alignment between the line of reasoning and the conclusion

• Appeal to emotions

• Flashy rhetorical strategies

What should you do if you don't understand an argument's line of reasoning?

• Ignore the argument

• Make assumptions

• Assume the argument is valid

• Doubt the conclusion

What should an effective argument acknowledge?

• Personal opinions

• Logical fallacies

• Rhetorical strategies

• Context, limitations, implications, and other arguments