Fast and Curious : Rock Formation

Which statement best explains how this rock formation likely formed over time?

• The lighthouse formed as water erosion carved away the softer rock around the structure over time.

• The lighthouse formed from multiple episodes of wind erosion and deposition over time.

• The lighthouse formed as repeated flash floods deposited sediments and rocks on the structure over time.

• The Lighthouse formed as desert plants protected some of the rock layers from erosion over time.

Sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by __________.

• Compaction

• Weathering and Erosion

• Cementation

• Heat and Pressure

Foliated rocks (parallel arrangement of certain mineral grains) are distinguished by ________________

• layers

• lack of layers

• large mineral grains

• air holes

Which statement is correct regarding metamorphic rock formation?

• The temperature inside Earth is cooler which allows metamorphic rocks to form more quickly.

• Small pieces of rocks are buried, squeezed, and cemented together.

• Weathering and erosion cause rocks to break down to form metamorphic rocks.

• The deeper into Earth's crust, the higher the pressure that forms metamorphic rocks.

Igneous rock that forms when volcanic material erupts, cools, and crystallizes on Earth's surface.

• Extrusive Rock

• Intrusive Rock

Igneous rock that forms as magma cools underground

• Extrusive Rock

• Intrusive Rock

The process through which sediment turns into rock.

• Lithification

• Compaction

• Cementation

A process in which the weight from the layers of sediment forces out fluids and decreases the space between sediment grains.

• Compaction

• Cementation

• Lithification

A process in which minerals dissolved in water crystallize between sediment grains.

• Cementation

• Compaction

• Lithification

The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock.

• Rock Cycle

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition