DNA Basics and Replication

What was the main purpose of the Hershey-Chase experiment?

• To determine the structure of proteins

• To identify the genetic material as either DNA or protein

• To investigate the role of viruses in bacterial infections

• To study the synthesis of new bacterial cells

What did the Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrate about genetic heredity?

• Proteins are the primary carriers of genetic information

• Both DNA and proteins contribute equally to genetic material

• DNA is the genetic material responsible for heredity

• Viruses play a minor role in genetic transmission

How did the Hershey-Chase Experiment differentiate between DNA and proteins?

• By analyzing the chemical composition of the viral particles

• By using radioactive labels on DNA and proteins

• By measuring the rate of viral replication

• By studying the interaction between viruses and bacteria

What type of bond connects the sugar and phosphate molecules in the backbone of nucelic acid polymers?

• Hydrogen bond

• Ionic bond

• Peptide bond

• Phosphodiester Bond

Which statement accurately describes the orientation of nucleic acid bases in the polymer structure?

• The bases form the central core of the nucleic acid chain

• The bases are linked by glycosidic bonds to the sugar-phosphate backbone

• The bases are attached to each other through peptide bonds

• The bases hang off the sugar-phosphate backbone like pendants

Which of the following components is a characteristic feature of a neucleotide?

• Amino group

• 3'-Phosphate group

• Carboxyl group

• 5'-Phosphate group

What are the features of a nucleotide?

• Six-carbon sugar, 3'-Phosphate group, Nucleic acid base

• Five-carbon sugar, 5'-Phosphate group, Nucleic acid base

• Four-carbon sugar, 2'-Phosphate group, Amino acid base

• Seven-carbon sugar, 5'-Phosphate group, Nitrogenous base

In DNA, what base pairs with guanine (G) according to the base-pairing rules?

• Adenine (A)

• Thymine (T)

• Uracil (U)

• Cytosine (C)

Which of the following base pairs violates the standard base-pairing rules in DNA?

• GC

• AT

• CG

• UA

What is the base pairing in RNA that follows the base-pairing rules?

• Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)

• Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)

• Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U)

• Thymine (T) pairs with Cytosine (C)