Digestive System Quiz

What is the primary function of amylase in the digestive system?

• Break down proteins

• Break down lipids

• Break down carbohydrates

• Absorb nutrients

Answer explanation

Amylase is an enzyme that primarily functions to break down carbohydrates in the digestive system.

In which part of the digestive system does most nutrient absorption occur?

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Esophagus

Answer explanation

Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, where the surface area is maximized by villi and microvilli.

What is the role of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

• Increase surface area for absorption

• Produce digestive enzymes

• Store nutrients

• Secrete bile

Answer explanation

Villi and microvilli in the small intestine increase surface area for absorption, aiding in nutrient uptake.

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down lipids?

• Amylase

• Protease

• Lipase

• Peptidase

Answer explanation

Lipase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down lipids. It specifically targets and hydrolyzes the ester bonds in triglycerides, releasing fatty acids and glycerol.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

What is the function of peristalsis in the digestive system?

• Absorb nutrients

• Break down food chemically

• Move food along the digestive tract

• Increase surface area for absorption

Answer explanation

Peristalsis is the process of moving food along the digestive tract, ensuring efficient digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Which digestive organ secretes gastric juices and enzymes for protein digestion?

• Liver

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Pancreas

Answer explanation

The stomach secretes gastric juices and enzymes for protein digestion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

What is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

• Absorb nutrients

• Produce digestive enzymes

• Store bile

• Transport food to the stomach

Answer explanation

The esophagus in the digestive system functions to transport food to the stomach.

Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?

• Absorb nutrients

• Break down proteins

• Store bile

• Absorb water

Answer explanation

The large intestine functions to absorb water.

What is the term for the physical breakdown of food into smaller particles, as in chewing?

• Chemical digestion

• Absorption

• Peristalsis

• Mechanical digestion

Answer explanation

The term for the physical breakdown of food into smaller particles, as in chewing, is called mechanical digestion.

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric juices in the stomach?

• Insulin

• Gastrin

• Secretin

• Thyroxine

Answer explanation

Gastrin is the hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric juices in the stomach. It plays a crucial role in digestion and helps maintain a healthy digestive system.