Unit 5 Mechanisms of Evolution Version 2

What is genetic drift?

• Evolution caused by intentional breeding

• Change in the frequency of a gene variant in a population due to natural selection

• Change in the frequency of a gene variant in a population due to random sampling

• Mutation of a gene due to environmental factors

Explain the concept of gene flow.

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another through migration and interbreeding.

• Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material through asexual reproduction

• Gene flow is the movement of genes within the same population

• Gene flow is the process of genes leaving a population and not being replaced

How does natural selection work in the process of evolution?

• All organisms in a population have the same traits

• Organisms with unfavorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• Organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to their offspring.

• Natural selection has no impact on the process of evolution

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Define adaptation in the context of genetics and natural selection.

• The process by which a species becomes less suited to its environment, making it easier for predators to catch.

• The process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment, allowing it to survive and reproduce.

• The process by which a species remains unchanged despite changes in the environment.

• The process by which a species becomes worse suited to its environment, leading to extinction.

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What are the factors that can lead to genetic drift?

• Random sampling of alleles in a small population, founder effect, or bottleneck effect

• Gene flow

• Mutation

• Natural selection

Discuss the impact of gene flow on genetic diversity within a population.

• Gene flow can increase genetic diversity within a population by introducing new alleles from other populations.

• Gene flow only affects genetic diversity in small populations, not large ones

• Gene flow has no impact on genetic diversity within a population

• Gene flow decreases genetic diversity within a population by limiting the gene pool

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Provide an example of natural selection observed in a specific species.

• Polar bears adapting to warmer climates

• Giraffes growing longer necks to reach higher leaves

• Dogs developing the ability to speak

• Peppered moth (Biston betularia) during the industrial revolution in England

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How do organisms adapt to their environment through genetic changes?

• Random mutations

• Natural selection

• Artificial selection

• Environmental manipulation

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Compare and contrast genetic drift and gene flow in their effects on populations.

• Genetic drift and gene flow have no impact on allele frequencies in populations.

• Genetic drift and gene flow both involve the transfer of alleles between populations through migration.

• Genetic drift is the change in allele frequencies due to random chance, while gene flow is the transfer of alleles between populations through migration.

• Genetic drift is the transfer of alleles between populations through migration, while gene flow is the change in allele frequencies due to random chance.

Explain the role of adaptation in the survival of species over time.

• Adaptation only occurs in extinct species

• Adaptation is only important for individual organisms, not entire species

• Adaptation has no impact on the survival of species

• Adaptation helps species adjust to changes in their environment, increasing their chances of survival and reproduction.

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