Volcanic Mitigation

Attempts to stop or reduce the actual hazard

• Modify event

• Modify vulnerability

• Modify losses

Attempts to reduce potential impacts before and during the hazard events

• Modify event

• Modify vulnerability

• Modify losses

Attempts to reduce potential impacts after the hazard events (at least in the short to medium term)

• Modify event

• Modify vulnerability

• Modify losses

Which of these are examples of modifying the event?

• Creating lava flow diversion channels

• Providing insurance

• Cooling lava flows with water

• Strengthening buildings and infrastructure

Which of these are examples of modifying the vulnerability?

• Bombing lava tubes

• Strengthening buildings and infrastructure

• Volcano warning systems

• Changing land uses near volcanoes

Which of these are examples of modifying losses?

• Adding concrete to lava flows

• Providing insurance

• Emergency aid, including search and rescue

• Practicing evacuation drills

Which of the following is most difficult to achieve?

• Modifying the event

• Modifying the vulnerability

• Modifying the losses

What factors influence the ability to modify events, vulnerability and losses to volcanic hazards?

• Level of development

• Population densities

• Magnitude of volcanic hazards

• Frequency of volcanic hazards