Unit 4: Genetics Review

The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next is known as -

• A. heredity

• B. commensalism

• C. traits

• D. phenotype

Heredity is defined as the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next. Which of the following is NOT an example of these genetic instructions in humans?

• A. Height

• B. Skin color

• C. Dimples

• D. Spoken language

Jellyfish are soft bodied, free swimming, aquatic animals. They reproduce sexually by releasing

egg and sperm into the water. The egg and sperm unite in fertilization and create a new

jellyfish polyp. Which of the following best describes a jellyfish polyp?

• A. The jellyfish polyp will be genetically identical to the parent jellyfish.

• B. The jellyfish polyp will be a diverse combination of the parent jellyfish genetic material.

• C. The jellyfish polyp will have twice as much genetic material as the parent jellyfish.

• D. The jellyfish polyp will be genetically identical to its siblings.

Which of the following scenarios of reproduction is most likely to form uniform offspring?

• A. Pollen from one flower pollinates an egg of another flower to produce seeds.

• B. A female fish lays unfertilized eggs in a river, and the male arrives later to fertilize the eggs.

• C. Spores are formed from two cells, each from individual fungi organisms.

• D. An amoeba splits during binary fission into two separate cells.

Hydra reproduce by a process known as budding, as shown in the diagram below. This type of reproduction is This process is the formation of a new individual that is a clone of the parent.

• A. sexual

• B. sporulation

• C. asexual

• D. binary fission

What parts of a cell are most likely involved with inherited traits?

• A. Chromosomes, genes, and vacuoles

• B. Chromosomes, genes, and nucleus

• C. DNA, genes, and mitochondria

• D. DNA, nucleus, and cell membrane

Which of the following cell components are most involved in determining an organism's traits?

• A. Chromosomes

• B. Cytoplasm

• C. Mitochondria

• D. Chloroplast

Which of the following best explains why children usually look more like their siblings (brothers and sisters) than their friends?

• A. They eat more of the same foods and drinks as their siblings.

• B. They spend more time together over the years with their siblings.

• C. They share many of the same genes from their parents with their siblings.

• D. They share more of the same environmental influences with their siblings.

Some animal behaviors are listed.

These behaviors are innate because the behaviors are

• A. performed by four different species.

• B. learned from one or both parents.

• C. observed only in certain environments.

• D. performed without any previous learning experience.

This diagram illustrates a type of reproductive process in an organism.

Based on this information, what conclusion about the offspring labeled 'A' is supported?

• It has acquired traits in response to its environment.

• It has a lower mass of genetic material than offspring B.

• It has the same genetic material as its parent.

• It has half as much genetic material as its parent.