Evolution and Ecology

What is a Type I survivorship curve?

• A chart displaying the average lifespan of a species

• A graph showing the number of offspring produced by a species

• A visual representation of the distribution of a species' habitat

• A graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group.

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What is a Type II survivorship curve?

• A Type II survivorship curve is a graph showing no change in death rate with age

• A Type II survivorship curve is a graph showing increasing death rate with age

• A graphical representation of the pattern of survival in a population, where the death rate is relatively constant throughout the lifespan.

• A Type II survivorship curve is a graph showing decreasing death rate with age

What is a Type III survivorship curve?

• A Type III survivorship curve is characterized by high mortality in the early stages of life, with a few individuals surviving to old age.

• A Type III survivorship curve is characterized by high mortality in the early stages of life, with all individuals surviving to old age.

• A Type III survivorship curve is characterized by high mortality in the middle stages of life, with most individuals surviving to old age.

• A Type III survivorship curve is characterized by low mortality in the early stages of life, with most individuals surviving to old age.

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What are some factors that can affect survivorship curves?

• Geographic location, age distribution, and reproductive strategies

• Environmental conditions, predation, competition for resources, and disease

• Genetic diversity, food availability, and social behavior

• Weather patterns, migration, and population size

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NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Explain the characteristics of Type I survivorship curve.

• High survival rates in the early and middle stages of life, with most individuals living to old age.

• Equal survival rates across all stages of life, with individuals living to an average age.

• High survival rates in the late stages of life, with most individuals dying young.

• Low survival rates in the early and middle stages of life, with most individuals dying young.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-2

Explain the characteristics of Type II survivorship curve.

• Relatively constant mortality rate throughout the lifespan of the organism

• Decreasing mortality rate as the organism ages

• Increasing mortality rate as the organism ages

• High mortality rate at a young age and low mortality rate at an older age

Explain the characteristics of Type III survivorship curve.

• High mortality in the late stages of life, with a few individuals surviving to old age.

• Equal mortality across all stages of life, with individuals surviving to old age.

• High mortality in the early stages of life, with a few individuals surviving to old age.

• Low mortality in the early stages of life, with most individuals surviving to old age.

Compare and contrast Type I and Type III survivorship curves.

• Type I survivorship curve shows high survival rates in early life, with individuals that survive the early vulnerable period having a higher chance of living to an older age.

• Type I survivorship curve shows low survival rates in early life, with individuals that survive the early vulnerable period having a lower chance of living to an older age.

• Type I survivorship curve shows high survival rates in early and middle life, with a sharp decline in old age, while Type III survivorship curve shows low survival rates in early life, with individuals that survive the early vulnerable period having a higher chance of living to an older age.

• Type III survivorship curve shows high survival rates in early and middle life, with a sharp decline in old age.

Compare and contrast Type II and Type III survivorship curves.

• Type II survivorship curves have a low mortality rate early in life and higher rates later on, while Type III survivorship curves have a high mortality rate throughout the lifespan.

• Type II survivorship curves have a high mortality rate throughout the lifespan, while Type III survivorship curves have a low mortality rate early in life and higher rates later on.

• Type II survivorship curves have a relatively constant mortality rate throughout the lifespan, while Type III survivorship curves have high mortality rates early in life and lower rates later on.

• Type II survivorship curves have a high mortality rate early in life and lower rates later on, while Type III survivorship curves have a relatively constant mortality rate throughout the lifespan.

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How do survivorship curves vary in different species? Provide examples.

• Survivorship curves can be classified as Type I, Type II, or Type III. For example, humans exhibit a Type I survivorship curve, while oysters exhibit a Type III survivorship curve.

• Survivorship curves vary based on the habitat of the species. For example, species in forests have Type III curves, while species in deserts have Type II curves.

• Survivorship curves vary based on the color of the species. For example, red species have Type I curves, while blue species have Type III curves.

• Survivorship curves vary based on the size of the species. For example, large species have Type II curves, while small species have Type I curves.