The Great Depression 8

The New Deal tried to solve many problems that arose during the Great Depression by

• providing federal aid to various sectors of the American economy
• raising taxes on big business to stimulate job creation
• lowering federal spending to maintain a balanced budget
• decreasing foreign competition by raising tariffs

What problem were both the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) developed to address?

• stock market speculation
• increased use of credit
• high unemployment
• reduced income of senior citizens

How did the Great Depression change the role of government in America?

• The federal government became less involved in the economy
• State governments became more important than the federal government
• The role of government greatly expanded
• The federal government decreased in size and scope

“Hoovervilles” during the Great Depression consisted of

• groups of makeshift homes in shantytowns
• poor urban immigrant communities
• deserted towns filled with foreclosed businesses
• pockets of the country that supported President Hoover

What practice in large part caused the stock market crash, sparking the Great Depression of the 1930's?

• government investing the taxes it collected in the stock market
• people buying one stock and selling it the same day, called "day trading"
• banks purchasing a combination of stocks, bonds, and land investments with deposits
• people overspeculating on stocks, using borrowed money that they couldn't repay

What were the effects of New Deal legislation on the role of the federal government?

• The federal government was less involved with citizens' daily lives.
• There were tighter restrictions on state and local governments.
• The government gained more power and a greater role in the lives of individuals.
• The federal government became less involved with national revenue policies

“When we open the door, swirling whirlwinds of soil beat against us unmercifully, and we are glad to go back inside and sit choking in the dirt. We couldn’t see the streetlight just in front of the house. One morning, early, I went out during a lull, and when I started to return I couldn’t see the house. I knew the direction, so I kept on coming, and was quite close before I could even see the outline. It sure made me feel funny.”—“Grace,” Dust Bowl survivor, 1935 What can you infer from this account about the main economic effect of the Dust Bowl on the Great Plains region?

• It affected the development of transportation networks in the Great Plains region.
• It affected the ability to produce profitable crops in the Great Plains region.
• It affected the health of the people living in the Great Plains region.
• It affected the social well being of communities in the Great Plains region.

During the 1920s, much of the debt accumulated by consumers was due to

• credit or installment buying of manufactured goods
• overproduction of farm products
• long strikes by labor unions
• rising income taxes

. In 1932, referring to the Bonus Army, General Douglas MacArthur said, “They had come to the conclusion, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that they were about to take over . . . direct control of the government. . . . It is my opinion that had the president let it go on another week the institutions of our government would have been very severely threatened.” How did MacArthur's view contribute to Herbert Hoover failure to win the presidency the following November?

• Americans blamed Hoover for not allowing MacArthur to use necessary force against the protestors.
• Americans blamed Hoover for what many saw as MacArthur's excessive use of force.
• Americans blamed Hoover for allowing generals Eisenhower and Patton to follow MacArthur's example in using force.
• Americans blamed Hoover for not allowing MacArthur to use the Army to solve a political problem.

According to this map, which region of the United States was the least affected by the Great Depression overall?

• the Midwest
• the East Coast
• the West Coast
• the Great Plains