Genes and Mutations Quiz

What is a point mutation?

• A change in a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence

• A change in the entire DNA sequence

• A change in the number of chromosomes

• A change in an entire chromosome structure

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What is gene expression regulation?

• The process of changing the DNA sequence of genes

• The process of controlling the rate at which genes are transcribed and translated.

• The process of increasing the number of genes in a cell

• The process of turning off all genes in a cell

What is genetic variation?

• Differences in DNA sequences between individuals within a population

• The result of environmental factors on an organism's appearance

• The study of inherited traits in plants

• The process of creating new species

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How do mutations contribute to cancer?

• Mutations cause cells to stop dividing

• Mutations lead to increased cell death

• Mutations have no impact on cell growth

• Mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and division.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

• A frameshift mutation is caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides in a DNA sequence.

• A frameshift mutation is caused by a translocation of nucleotides in a DNA sequence.

• A frameshift mutation is caused by a substitution of nucleotides in a DNA sequence.

• A frameshift mutation is caused by a duplication of nucleotides in a DNA sequence.

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What is a missense mutation?

• A mutation that has no effect on the amino acid sequence

• A mutation that results in the insertion of a stop codon

• A single nucleotide change resulting in a different amino acid

• A mutation that causes the entire gene to be deleted

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What is the role of tumor suppressor genes in cancer?

• Tumor suppressor genes only affect non-cancerous cells

• Tumor suppressor genes have no impact on cell growth and division

• Tumor suppressor genes help control cell growth and division, and when they are mutated or inactivated, it can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.

• Tumor suppressor genes promote cell growth and division, leading to cancer

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What is the difference between a germline(sex cell) mutation and a somatic(body cell)mutation?

• Germline mutations only affect physical traits, while somatic mutations only affect mental traits.

• Germline mutations occur in reproductive cells and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and are not passed on to offspring.

• Germline mutations are caused by environmental factors, while somatic mutations are inherited.

• Germline mutations occur in plants, while somatic mutations occur in animals.

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What is the significance of silent mutations in gene expression?

• They decrease gene expression

• They increase gene expression

• They cause mutations in other genes

• They do not affect the gene expression.

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What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution
• Deletion
• Insertion
• Frameshift 

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