MEM - 1 - Coding, Capacity & Duration - Part 1 (PQ)

What is the capacity of short-term memory (STM)?

• 4 chunks of information

• Less than one second

• 7 plus or minus two items

• Unlimited

What is the duration of long-term memory (LTM)?

• Potentially lasts infinitely

• Approximately 18-30 seconds

• 20 minutes

• Less than one second

Which type of memory is the initial contact for stimuli?

• Sensory memory (SM)

• Working memory

• Long-term memory (LTM)

• Short-term memory (STM)

What did George Miller conclude as the 'magic number' for remembering items in STM?

• Exactly 7 items

• More than 9 items

• 5-9 items

• Less than 5 items

What did Peterson and Peterson's research conclude about the duration of STM?

• Less than 18 seconds

• Potentially lasts infinitely

• Approximately 18-30 seconds

• Less than one second

According to Baddeley's research, how is information coded in short-term memory (STM)?

• Modality specific

• Acoustically

• Semantically

• Visually

What is a limitation of Miller's research into capacity of STM?

• He may have underestimated the capacity of STM

• He found that STM has unlimited capacity

• He may have overestimated the capacity of STM

• He did not specify the size of the chunk

What is a limitation of Peterson and Peterson's research into the duration of STM?

• It was confounded by displacement

• It was confounded by extraneous variables

• The results lack ecological validity

• It was actually measuring trace decay

What is a limitation of Baddeley's research into encoding of STM?

• Nelson & Rothbart (1972) found evidence of acoustic coding in LTM

• The findings lack ecological validity due to a lack of mundane realism

• Bahrick et al. (1975) found that LTM lasts up to 48 years

• Peterson & Peterson's study may indicate displacement, not trace decay

What is a strength of Bahrick's research into the duration of LTM?

• It found that LTM lasts less than 18 seconds

• It was carried out in a lab setting

• It may not have been measuring trace decay

• It has higher ecological validity