MidTerm Fundamentals of Computing

Many tasks, large and small, can be solved by performing a specific set of actions and making a particular set of decisions in very precise ways. What are these sets of actions and decisions called?

• Algorithms

• Building Blocks

• Source Code

• Machine Language

Which component of a computer is responsible for temporarily storing data and instructions the the CPU needs to access when the computer is in use?

• Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

How is all data stored on a computer?

• Binary

• Assembly Language

• A High-Level Language

• Pseudocode

Which of the following examples best represents systems software?

• Operating systems, device drivers, and utility programs.

• Web browsers, word processors, and spreadsheet applications.

• Video games, multimedia players, and graphics editing software.

• Integrated development environments (IDEs), compilers, and debuggers.

Which of the following best describe pseudocode?

• A low-level programming language not used by humans.

• An artificial language that helps programmers develop algorithms.

• It is written by programmers who need to give human instructions to a computer.

• It can be used instead of a high-level language to program a computer.

Which type of programming language is designed to express algorithms as a series of graphical blocks?

• Procedural language

• Object-oriented language

• Low-level language

• Visual-based language

Which aspect of programming languages determine the specific rules and structure of how programs should be written?

• Data types

• Variables

• Syntax

• Control structures

Select the answer that lists the units of bytes in ascending order (from smallest to largest).

• Gigabyte, megabyte, terabyte

• Megabyte, terabyte, kilobyte

• Gigabyte, terabyte, megabyte

• Kilobyte, gigabyte, terabyte

Which of the following is true of lossy and lossless compression techniques?

• Both lossy and lossless compression techniques will result in some information being lost in the original file.

• Neither lossy nor lossless compression can actually reduce the number of bits needed to represent a file.

• Lossy compression is best suited for situations where some loss of detail is fine, especially when a person will not be able to detect it.

• Lossless compression is only used when lossy compression can't be used.

How many bits are in a single byte?

• 4

• 7

• 8

• 16