Unit 1 Final Review

Lana concludes that all of the deer in a forest are members of the same _ because they look alike and breed with one another. She observes how the deer _ interacts with trees, wolves, and other living things of the forest _.

• species, population, community

• species, ecosystem, population

• ecosystem, species, community

• population, community, ecosystem

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The illustration shows biotic and abiotic factors in a pond ecosystem.

Which are biotic factors of the pond ecosystem?

• fish, water lilies, and frogs

• pond water and rain that falls on the pond

• air above the pond, and the pond water

• the sunlight that shines on the pond

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Scientists generally use three approaches to study ecology. Which is an example of experimentation?

• counting the number of migrating geese that visit a pond

• using a computer program to predict the growth of a forest

• raising ants in terrariums, each identical except for the type of soil

• observing frogs as they swim across a pond

Which of the following BEST describes the hydrosphere?

• bodies of water on the surface of Earth, but not the water in the atmosphere or underground

• salt water in the oceans, but not fresh water

• water that is underground or mixed into the geosphere

• water in any location on Earth, including the atmosphere, surface, and underground.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Harvey is studying the turtles that live in a pond. His knowledge of ecology will be MOST USEFUL for explaining which of these observations of the turtles?

• The carapace (shell) of the turtle appears to be an extension of its spine.

• A female turtle lays a clutch of eggs along the shore of the lake, and not in the water.

• One summer, the size of the turtle population suddenly increases, but then gradually decreases.

• A turtle may remain underwater for several minutes, but then surfaces for at least a brief moment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Marita is analyzing the population of various songbirds in her neighborhood. She estimates how the population is increasing by _ and decreasing by _ as different birds enter and leave the area. She thinks that the blue jay population increased by _ growth because it doubled over a short time, but then it followed a pattern of _growth when the population approached the _.

• immigration, emigration, exponential, logistic, carrying capacity

• emigration, immigration, logistic, exponential, limiting factor

• emigration, immigration, logistic, exponential, carrying capacity

• immigration, emigration, exponential, logistic, limiting factor

Vernon is studying the population of deer in a tract of forest. He gathers the following data.

Birthrate:  ~50 deer/year

Death rate:  ~70 deer/year

Which additional observation would support the conclusion that the deer population is NOT changing size from year to year, meaning that the net population change is 0?

• About 20 deer per year immigrate to the tract of forest.

• About 20 deer per year emigrate from the tract of forest.

• The average life span of a member of the deer population is 20 years.

• If a deer survives its first year of life, its average life span is 20 years.

The graph describes the population of dandelions in a field over the course of one summer.

Which statement best describes the growth of the dandelions?

• Linear growth occurs because the field provides abundant but limited resources during the summer.

• Logistic growth occurs because the field provides unlimited resources during the summer.

• Exponential growth occurs because the field provides unlimited resources during the summer.

• Fluctuating growth patterns occur because the population reached the carrying capacity of the field during the summer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The population of adult frogs in a wetlands ecosystem has increased to 1000 individuals, which is its carrying capacity. The frogs eat flies and other small animals, and they are prey for raccoons, snakes, and a variety of large birds.

Which most likely would happen if an additional 200 adult frogs immigrated to the ecosystem?

• The carrying capacity for frogs in the ecosystem would increase by 200 frogs.

• The carrying capacity for frog predators in the ecosystem would increase by 200 individuals.

• The frog population would experience a pattern of exponential growth.

• About 200 adult frogs would die because of lack of resources, or by predation or disease.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which of the following statements describes density-independent limiting factors?

• Competition is an example.

• Parasitism and disease are examples.

• Environmental extremes, such as a hurricane or drought, are examples.

• Their effects increase as the population increases in an area.