Genetic Variation and Sexual Reproduction Quiz

What is the process by which genetic variation is introduced during meiosis?

• Mutation and genetic drift

• Crossing over and independent assortment

• Mitosis and cytokinesis

• DNA replication and transcription

Explain the significance of crossing over in genetic variation.

• Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of alleles.

• Crossing over only occurs in asexual reproduction

• Crossing over has no impact on genetic diversity

• Crossing over decreases genetic diversity by limiting allele combinations

Describe the role of fertilization in genetic variation.

• Fertilization decreases genetic variation

• Fertilization randomly combines unique genetic combinations in the sperm with unique genetic combinations in the egg.

• Fertilization only affects physical traits, not genetic variation

• Fertilization has no impact on genetic variation

What is independent assortment and how does it contribute to genetic variation?

• Independent assortment is the process by which genes always stay together and are passed on to offspring as a unit.

• Independent assortment is the process by which different genes independently separate from one another in meiosis due to random alignment of chromosomes in Metaphase I

• Independent assortment is the process by which genes are only passed on to male offspring, leading to limited genetic variation.

• Independent assortment is the process by which genes are randomly rearranged during cell division, leading to no genetic variation.

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

• Prophase I

• Metaphase I

• Telophase I

• Anaphase I

How does meiosis differ from mitosis in terms of genetic variation?

• Meiosis results in more genetic variation than mitosis.

• Meiosis results in less genetic variation than mitosis.

• Meiosis only results in genetic variation in plants, not in animals.

• Meiosis and mitosis result in the same amount of genetic variation.

What are the differences between fertilization and self-fertilization (in plants) in terms of genetic variation?

• Fertilization and self-fertilization have no impact on genetic variation.

• Fertilization and self-fertilization both lead to the same level of genetic variation.

• Fertilization leads to greater genetic variation, while self-fertilization leads to lower genetic variation.

• Fertilization leads to lower genetic variation, while self-fertilization leads to greater genetic variation.

Explain the concept of genetic recombination in the context of sexual reproduction.

• Genetic recombination involves the exchange of genetic material between a parent and its offspring.

• Genetic recombination is the process of a single parent passing on its genetic material to its offspring.

• Genetic recombination is the process by which genetic material from two different parents is combined to produce offspring with unique genetic traits.

• Genetic recombination is the process of asexual reproduction where genetic material is not combined from two different parents.

What are the potential outcomes of independent assortment during meiosis?

• Genetically identical gametes

• Non-functional gametes

• Genetically diverse gametes

• Identical gametes

How does genetic variation contribute to the survival of a species?

• Genetic variation only leads to negative mutations

• Genetic variation has no impact on the survival of a species

• Genetic variation allows a species to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases.

• Genetic variation causes species to become more susceptible to diseases