Quiz about Protein Synthesis Review

Question 1

What is the molecule labeled A?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

messenger RNA

Answer

ribosomal RNA

Answer

transfer RNA

Question 2

What process is happening in B?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Replication

Answer

Translation

Question 3

What is the molecule labeled C?

Accepted Answer

messenger RNA

Answer

transfer RNA

Answer

ribosomal RNA

Answer

DNA

Question 4

What is the organelle labeled D (gray-shaded oval)?

Accepted Answer

ribosome

Answer

nucleus

Answer

cytoplasm

Answer

DNA

Question 5

What is the molecule labeled E?

Accepted Answer

transfer RNA

Answer

DNA

Answer

messenger RNA

Answer

ribosomal RNA

Question 6

What is the molecule labeled F?

Accepted Answer

polypeptide

Answer

DNA

Answer

nucleotide

Answer

transfer RNA

Question 7

The molecule labeled F is a polymer. What is the monomer that makes up this polymer?

Accepted Answer

amino acid

Answer

polypeptide

Answer

nucleotide

Answer

transfer RNA

Question 8

What does the dot (circled in purple) represent on the molecule labeled E?

Accepted Answer

amino acid

Answer

codon

Answer

anticodon

Answer

nucleotide

Question 9

What is the 3-base segment (circled in green) called?

Accepted Answer

codon

Answer

anticodon

Answer

nucleotide

Question 10

Which process is happening on the organelle labeled D?

Accepted Answer

translation

Answer

transcription

Answer

replication

Question 11

What would most likely happen next if the cell did not make RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

The cell would not make messenger RNA

Answer

It would cause mutations in the DNA

Answer

The cell could not replicate its DNA

Answer

The mRNA would leave the nucleus and attach to a ribosome

Question 12

If a cell's DNA sequence reads C A G T C C A G T, what is the mRNA sequence that would be transcribed from this sequence?

Accepted Answer

G U C A G G U C A

Answer

C A G T C C A G T

Answer

G T C A G G T C A

Answer

U G A C C U G A C

Question 13

An mRNA codon reads A T G. What is the tRNA anticodon that would be complementary to this codon?

Accepted Answer

U A C

Answer

T A C

Answer

C A T

Answer

C A U

Question 14

A DNA sequence reads T T A G A T T C A C T G. What are amino acids that this sequence codes for (in the correct order)?

Accepted Answer

asn leu ser asp

Answer

asp ser leu asn

Answer

leu asp ser leu

Question 15

What type of mutation happens when there is a mutation but it does not change any of the amino acids?

Accepted Answer

silent mutation

Answer

nonsense mutation

Answer

missense mutation

Answer

frameshift mutation

Question 16

What type of mutation is it when the mutation causes a premature stop codon?

Accepted Answer

nonsense mutation

Answer

silent mutation

Answer

missense mutation

Answer

frameshift mutation

Question 17

What type of mutation is it when only one amino acid is changed?

Accepted Answer

missense mutation

Answer

silent mutation

Answer

nonsense mutation

Answer

frameshift mutation

Question 18

A molecule of mRNA is altered by a point mutation in DNA. Which change to a codon would have the least effect on the protein that is produced?

Accepted Answer

changing UAU to UAC

Answer

changing UGA to UGU

Answer

changing UGA to CGA

Answer

changing UAU to UAG

Question 19

DNA carries the information needed to make proteins. How is this information used to make proteins?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Ribosomes "read" the mRNA and translate each group of 3 nucleotides into amino acids to build proteins, with the help of tRNA

Answer

Ribosomes "read" the DNA and translate each group of 3 nucleotides into amino acids to build proteins with the help of mRNA and tRNA

Answer

mRNA is transcribed into tRNA. Ribosomes "read" the tRNA and translate each group of 3 nucleotides into amino acids to build proteins

Answer

DNA is transcribed into tRNA. Ribosomes "read" the tRNA and translate each group of 3 nucleotides into amino acids to build proteins, with the help of mRNA

Question 20

There are 64 possible 3-base codons in the genetic code. However, there are only 20 amino acids. How are the 64 codons used to code for 20 amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Each amino acid is specified by 1 to 6 different codons, and there are 3 stop codons.

Answer

Each amino acid is specified by 3 codons. The remaining four codons are start codons or stop codons.

Answer

Each amino acid is specified by 1 codon. The other 44 possible codons are never used.

Answer

Each amino acid is specified by 2 to 4 different codons, and there are 3 stop codons.

Protein Synthesis Review

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