Final Review 1st Semester

The study of environmental science can lead to a rewarding career by __

• Providing opportunities to work outdoors and enjoy nature.

• Providing knowledge and skills to address environmental challenges and opening up opportunities in various fields.

• Offering a high salary and job security.

• Providing opportunities to travel and explore different ecosystems.

Identify the abiotic factors in the images.

Early scientists studied the continents and observed that South America and Africa fit together like puzzle pieces. Which of the following ideas does this observation support?

• The continental shelves of these two continents are made of the same type of rock.

• The material that makes up the continental shelves is eroded from the continents.

• These continents were joined in the past and have moved apart since that time.

• The tectonic plates beneath these continents are roughly the same age.

Which human activities contribute to altering the nitrogen cycle? Select TWO that apply:

• Deforestation

• Fossil fuel combustion

• Use of synthetic fertilizers

• Industrial pollution

Which of the following Earth system components is responsible for the gaseous envelope surrounding the planet and containing various layers, including the troposphere and stratosphere?

• Hydrosphere

• Cryosphere

• Atmosphere

• Geosphere

How can environmental science contribute to future technological advancements?

• By providing insights into sustainable practices, renewable energy sources, and the development of eco-friendly technologies.

• By focusing on the preservation of natural resources and biodiversity.

• By researching the effects of climate change and finding ways to adapt to it.

• By studying the impact of pollution on ecosystems and developing solutions to mitigate it.

Which term best describes the transfer of energy and nutrients through an ecosystem's linear sequence of organisms?

• Food web

• Trophic level

• Food chain

• Biotic interaction

This question has TWO parts. Which of the following is one of the techniques commonly employed to measure the concentration of nitrates in water?

• Centrifugation

• Colorimetric analysis

• Titration

• Oxidation-reduction reaction

What is one effect of high nitrate levels on an ecosystem?

• Increased precipitation

• Decreased photosynthesis in the ecosystem

• Eutrophication leading to algal blooms

• Increased marine biodiversity

In a grassland ecosystem, solar energy is captured by plants during photosynthesis. The energy is then transferred to herbivores when they consume the plants. Which law of thermodynamics best explains the energy transformation in this scenario?

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Third Law of Thermodynamics

• First and second Laws of Thermodynamics