Final exam review

Frances believes that the probability of a coin landing on heads is 80%, because she flipped 10 coins and 8 of them landed on heads. Her sister Evelyn believes that the probability of a coin landing on heads is 50%, because she has looked at the sample space of {H, T}. Which of these statements accurately describes these outlooks?

• Both girls are using experimental probability.

• Evelyn is using theoretical probability, and Frances is using experimental probability.

• Evelyn is using experimental probability, and Frances is using theoretical probability.

• Both girls are using theoretical probability.

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of statistics?

• Statistics allow us to make definitive statements about every person on Earth.

  
  

• Statistics allow us to make inferences about populations based on random samples.

• Statistics allow us to adjust data to fit our conclusions.

• Statistics allow us to ignore results that contradict our previous ideas.

  
  

What is the interquartile range (IQR) of the data set summarized by the boxplot shown below?

• 39

• 30

• 23

• 10

Which of the following statements best illustrates the difference between an observational study and an experiment?

•  An observational study involves the 5 senses, while an experiment always involves technology.

• An experiment involves treatment on subjects, while an observational study does not.

• An observational study never involves numbers, while an experiment always involves numbers.

  
  

• There is no difference between an observational study and an experiment.

  
  

 Which of the 4 common sampling methods would be most appropriate for a situation in which the researcher is a college president who wants to ensure representation from each of the fraternities on campus?

• Simple Random

• Systematic

• Stratified

• Cluster

Ethan is going to flip a single coin 3 times. What is the probability that all 3 flips result in tails?

• 0.125

• 0.167

• 0.225

• 0.5

Which of the following scenarios would represent a dependent event?

• Julian is going to roll a single die 5 times.

• Angelo is going to draw a card from a deck, leave it out, and draw a second card.

• Phillip is going to roll 4 dice at the same time.

• Valerie is going to draw a card from a deck

The following two-way frequency table displays the grade level and favorite subject of 100 randomly selected high school students. Given that a randomly selected student likes science, what is the probability of that student being a sophomore?

• 24

• 20

• 14

• 4

The weight of adult elephants is a normally distributed random variable, with a mean of 2,350 pounds and a standard deviation of 220 pounds. In a given sample of adult elephants, roughly 95% will have a weight that falls within which range?

• 2,130-2,790 lbs

• 2,130-2,570 lbs

• 1910-2,570 lbs

• 1,910-2,790 lbs

For a single draw from a standard deck of cards, what is the probability of drawing an ace or a red card?

• 15/26

• 27/52

• 29/52

• 7/13