WH Semester Exam 30-43

What was the result of the Great Schism of 1054?

• Islam split into the Shia Islam and Sunni Islam denominations.

• The Roman Empire split into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.

• Catholicism split into the Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches.

• The Mongolian Empire split into the Ilkhanate and the Chagatai Khanate.

According to feudal custom, landowners called lords gave plots of land to nobles, or vassals. In return, the vassals paid taxes and pledged

• to revere the king as a god.

• political loyalty and military service.

• to improve the land the lord provided.

• faithful service to the Catholic Church.

Which of the following provided the MOST societal stability during the Middle Ages in Europe?

• the House of Habsburg

• the Carolingian dynasty

• the Holy Roman Empire

• the Roman Catholic Church

How did the bubonic plague affect the medieval European social system?

• Kings constructed hospitals in their realms to treat peasants who had contracted the plague.

• The plague contributed to the decline of feudalism due to the high death rate among peasants.

• Manors expanded due to the increased number of peasants fleeing from outbreaks in cities.

• Wealthy lords suffered the most from the plague due to their more frequent travels abroad.

What was one of the direct results of the Crusades?

• 
  the collapse of the Ottoman Empire

• the decline and fall of the Roman Empire

• the introduction of new ideas and knowledge to Europe

• the decline of the Catholic Church's influence in Europe

The Renaissance began in Florence MAINLY because

• 
  the wealthy Medici family supported arts and education.

• the Catholic Church paid artists and writers to move there.

• it had the largest collection of classical Greek sculptures.

• the area's natural beauty attracted artists from around the world.

What was one of Filippo Brunelleschi's advancements in architecture?

• He devised a way to construct a stable dome.

• He designed a more stable type of curved staircase.

• He was the first to design buildings using formal blueprints.

• He rediscovered the building methods of the ancient Romans.

Which term is MOST closely associated with the emphasis on individual worth and uniqueness that characterized the Renaissance?

• 
  empiricism

• existentialism

• humanism

• transcendentalism

What development helped Humanism spread widely among people throughout Europe the MOST after the time period described?

• the invention of the printing press

• the founding of the Jesuit Order

• the beginning of the Catholic Crusades

• the onset of the Protestant Reformation

Why was Martin Luther's view of salvation a challenge to the Catholic Church?

• He believed that to achieve salvation, one must completely reject church doctrine

• He believed salvation to be unattainable, regardless of one's dedication to the church

• He believed the only way that people could achieve salvation was through acts of charity

• He believed salvation could only be achieved through faith and could not be granted by the church