MWH- Semster 1 Exam

Thomas Hobbes believed that people willingly give up some of their individual freedoms to a central authority in exchange for:

• . Protection and order

• Unlimited liberty

• 
  Material wealth

• Spiritual enlightenment

According to John Locke, what are the three basic natural rights of people?

• Wealth, wisdom, and worship

• Life, liberty, and property

• Food, shelter, and clothing

• Freedom, education, and equality

Which economist wrote "The Wealth of Nations" and advocated for a free market with minimal government interference?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Adam Smith

Which of the Enlightenment thinkers believed that people are inherently evil and selfish, requiring strict rule by absolute monarchs?

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Montesquieu's idea of a "separation of powers" suggested:

• The government should control all branches of society.

• Different branches of government should have separate and defined powers.

• The king should have absolute authority over all aspects of governance.

• The church should be separated from the state.

In a laissez-faire economy, what is the government's role regarding business operations?

• Actively control businesses

• 
  Stay out of business operations

• Own and operate all businesses

• Regulate the number of businesses

What was the role of government, according to John Locke?

• 
  

• To protect and maintain citizens' natural rights

• To control and suppress individual freedoms

• To accumulate wealth for the ruling class

• To restrict access to property

What did absolute monarchs claim to derive from God, granting them their authority to rule?

• Divine right of governance

• Divine right of inheritance

• Divine right of democracy

• Divine right of the people

Who was the ruler of France who ended the religious civil war and implemented new taxes to pay for ongoing wars?

• Louis XIII

• Cardinal Mazarin

• Henry IV

• Louis XIV

What political concept was becoming prominent during the time of Louis XIV's reign?

• Democracy

• Absolutism

• Constitutional monarchy

• Anarchy