Quiz about Unit 3.1 Study Guide Review

Question 1

The picture shows a model of Earth's layers that Kenyatta was making. What mistake has Kenyatta already made in his model?

Accepted Answer

He marked the inner core as a gas.

Answer

He marked the outer core as a liquid.

Answer

He put the outer core in the wrong location.

Answer

He put the inner core in the wrong location.

Question 2

Which layer is the hot, convecting layer of Earth that lies directly under the crust?

Accepted Answer

the mantle

Answer

the atmosphere

Answer

the outer core

Answer

the inner core

Question 3

Which of the following shows where the asthenosphere, mantle, and core would be labeled on a model of Earth's layers?

Accepted Answer

Question 4

The diagram shows the layers of Earth.

Which statement best describes Layer 3 and Layer 5?

Accepted Answer

Layer 3 is the mantle and Layer 5 is the crust; both layers are cooler than Layer 1.

Answer

Layer 3 is the crust and Layer 5 is the mantle; both layers are hotter than Layer 1.

Answer

Layer 3 is the mantle and Layer 5 is the crust; both layers are hotter than Layer 1.

Answer

Layer 3 is the crust and Layer 5 is the mantle; both layers are cooler than Layer 1.

Question 5

Which layer of Earth is thought to be entirely liquid?

Accepted Answer

the outer core

Answer

the crust

Answer

the mantle

Answer

the inner core

Question 6

What contributes to Earth's high internal temperature?

Accepted Answer

radioactive elements

Answer

sunlight

Answer

eclipses

Answer

magnesium

Question 7

What is the middle, partially melted zone of the interior of the earth called?

Accepted Answer

mantle

Answer

crust

Answer

core

Answer

magma

Question 8

The table shows the hardness of various minerals.
Select four minerals that would scratch a copper penny with a hardness of 3.5.

Accepted Answer

Feldspar

Creedite

Hematite

Moissanite

Answer

Alabaster

Feldspar

Creedite

Hematite

Answer

Creedite

Hematite

Moissanite

Mica

Answer

Hematite

Moissanite

Mica

Alabaster

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a test to help classify a mineral?

Accepted Answer

weight test

Answer

luster test

Answer

hardness test

Answer

streak test

Question 10

What is the Mohs hardness scale used to figure out?

Accepted Answer

which minerals can scratch other minerals

Answer

the shape of the mineral

Answer

the color of the mineral's streak

Answer

which minerals reflect the most light

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of minerals? Select all that apply

Accepted Answer

luster

Accepted Answer

fracture

Accepted Answer

color

Answer

ore

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a property of minerals?

Accepted Answer

ore

Answer

luster

Answer

fracture

Answer

color

Question 13

The table shows the Mohs Hardness Scale.
A student wants to set up an investigation to determine the hardness of various minerals compared to hematite. All types of hematite have a hardness on the Mohs scale between 5 and 6.5. Which of the following minerals is most likely to scratch hematite?

Accepted Answer

diamond

Answer

talc

Answer

fluorite

Answer

apatite

Question 14

The table shows the physical properties of various minerals.
Select four minerals that can scratch Fluorite.

Accepted Answer

Diamond

Topaz

Quartz

Hematite

Answer

Diamond

Topaz

Quartz

Gypsum

Answer

Diamond

Topaz

Quartz

Kaolinite

Question 15

A scientist wants to find out what type of mineral she has. What is the best way for her to find out?

Accepted Answer

She could look at the color, hardness, and luster.

Answer

She could look at the weight, hardness, and color.

Answer

She could look at the color, weight, and size.

Answer

She could look at the luster, size, and hardness.

Question 16

A student wants to set up an investigation to determine the identity of several different minerals. Which of these would be the most useful when identifying a mineral?

Accepted Answer

hardness

Answer

streak

Answer

weight

Answer

shape

Question 17

The table gives some traits of a mineral called calcite.

According to the Mohs hardness scale, any substance can be scratched by a substance with a higher hardness rating. Things with equal hardness can only scratch each other with a good deal of effort. The table below lists the hardness of common materials.

A student has several samples of rocks. A rock that is made of calcite will most likely have which group of characteristics?

Accepted Answer

light-colored, can be scratched by a fingernail or copper penny, makes a white streak

Answer

light-colored, cube-shaped, easily scratches a fingernail

Answer

white in color, can be scratched by a steel file, makes a brown streak

Answer

transparent in color, 6-sided shape, easily scratches a glass plate or a steel knife

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a property of a mineral?

Accepted Answer

size

Answer

luster

Answer

color

Answer

hardness

Question 19

What has to be present in order for metamorphic rocks to form?

Accepted Answer

heat and pressure

Answer

melting and cooling

Answer

weathering and erosion

Answer

compaction and sedimentation

Question 20

During the analysis of a rock sample, a geologist concludes that the sample was made up of smaller pieces of rock, sand, and minerals that were transformed into a new type of rock through heat and high pressure. How should the geologist classify the sample?

Accepted Answer

It should be classified as metamorphic rock.

Answer

It should be classified as sedimentary rock.

Answer

It should be classified as igneous rock.

Answer

It should be classified as plutonic rock

Question 21

Which is an example of the rock cycle?

Accepted Answer

Minerals are heated under pressure and form rocks that erode and become soil.

Answer

Minerals are broken down into small rocks that erode and become soil.

Answer

Minerals are broken down into small minerals that precipitate and become rock.

Answer

Minerals are heated under pressure and form other minerals that evaporate and become rock.

Question 22

Michelle studies the sample of rock shown below.

Michelle decides that the sample is from a sedimentary rock. Which sentence explains why Michelle classifies the sample as sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

The layers show that the rock was formed by one or more minerals that compacted over time.

Answer

The layers show that the rock was formed by a single element under high pressure.

Answer

The layers show that the rock was formed by a single element under extreme heat.

Answer

The layers show that the rock was formed by one or more minerals that cooled very quickly.

Question 23

Coal is a sedimentary rock formed through

Accepted Answer

buried organic debris, compressed and heated, leaving carbon behind.

Answer

the erosion of granite, through exposure to calcium carbonate.

Answer

the cooling of magma, brought to the surface through fissures.

Answer

compaction of limestone, where interlocking crystals form underground.

Question 24

Which best explains why scientists found fossils for many different mammals and green plants in a desert area?

Accepted Answer

The area was once able to support different kinds of life.

Answer

The area was once underwater and dried up over time.

Answer

The area did not change very much over time periods.

Answer

The area had a colder climate during earlier time periods.

Question 25

A scientist was studying layers of earth in the side of a mountain. In the lower layers, she found fossils of reindeer and polar bears. In the upper layers, she found fossils of coyotes and squirrels. Which conclusion most likely explains the different fossils?

Accepted Answer

The climate was very cold in earlier time periods and became warmer in later time periods.

Answer

The climate was very hot in earlier time periods and became colder in later time periods.

Answer

The climate was wet in earlier time periods and became drier in later time periods.

Answer

The climate was dry in earlier time periods and became wetter in later time periods.

Question 26

Moose can only survive in colder climates. Which would most likely explain finding moose fossils in an area with a warm climate?

Accepted Answer

The area used to have a much colder climate.

Answer

All organisms used to be able to survive in warm climates.

Answer

The fossils were washed to the area by a current of water.

Answer

The moose migrated to a warm area to reproduce.

Question 27

The diagram shows fossils that were discovered in three different regions of Wyoming.
Which best describes the relationship between the three fossils?

Accepted Answer

The fossils formed from organisms living in the same time period.

Answer

The fossils all formed from similar species of organisms.

Answer

The fossils all formed from an episode of mass extinction.

Answer

The fossils formed from organisms that lived in the same environment.

Question 28

A student made a mistake when making a table of three ways to identify minerals and rocks.

What mistake did the student make?

Accepted Answer

Rocks are not identified by their hardness.

Answer

Rocks are not identified by their shape.

Answer

Minerals are not identified by their color.

Answer

Minerals are not identified by their streak.

Question 29

Where would be the best place for Reena to dig for an igneous rock with large mineral crystals?

Accepted Answer

Reena should dig deep in the ground because larger crystals form when magma cools slowly.

Answer

Reena should dig deep in the ground because larger crystals form when magma heats quickly.

Answer

Reena should dig near the surface because larger crystals form when magma cools quickly.

Answer

Reena should dig near the surface because larger crystals form when magma heats slowly.

Question 30

A scientist studied plant fossils she found in layers of earth in a mountainside. She put her findings in the table.
Which changes in the environment most likely explain the different fossils?

Accepted Answer

The area went from being dry, to being very cold, to being underwater over time.

Answer

The area went from being very hot, to being cool, to being very cold over time.

Answer

The area went from being very hot, to being moist, to being very dry over time.

Answer

The area went from being cold, to being underwater, to being very dry over time.

Question 31

Which rocks from the table are igneous?

Accepted Answer

basalt and granite

Answer

coal and basalt

Answer

limestone and slate

Answer

slate and gneiss

Question 32

The map shows the distribution of four types of fossils.
Based on the fossil evidence on the map above, what continent was NOT connected to Antarctica, when the continents were joined together as Gondwanaland?

Accepted Answer

Europe

Answer

Africa

Answer

Asia (India)

Answer

Australia

Question 33

Where do scientists find evidence that the Earth's crust has been lifted above its original level?

Accepted Answer

fossils of sea animals found on mountaintops

Answer

heavy rocks in deep oceans

Answer

heavy rocks on mountain tops

Answer

fossils of sea animals deep in oceans

Question 34

What composes about 71% of Earth's outermost layer?

Accepted Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

continental crust

Question 35

The table shows the formation and characteristics of several types of rock.
Which rocks from the table are igneous?

Accepted Answer

basalt and granite

Answer

coal and basalt

Answer

limestone and slate

Answer

slate and gneiss

Question 36

The table shows the formation and characteristics of several types of rock.
Which TWO would be classified as metamorphic rocks?

Accepted Answer

Gneiss

Accepted Answer

Slate

Answer

Basalt

Answer

Coal

Answer

Granite

Question 37

Which best explains why scientists found fossils for many different mammals and green plants in a desert area?

Accepted Answer

The area was once able to support different kinds of life.

Answer

The area was once underwater and dried up over time.

Answer

The area did not change very much over time periods.

Answer

The area had a colder climate during earlier time periods.

Unit 3.1 Study Guide Review

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