The earliest settlements on the Arabian peninsula grew up

• A between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
• B near oases in the Hijaz.
• C along the shores of the Indian Ocean.
• D in the Arabian desert.

What was the goal of the Hijra?

• A to conquer the city of Mecca
• B to open up a trade route to the west
• C to get enough water to survive
• D to escape persecution

How do Bedouin nomads live?

• A They move from place to place with their animals.
• B They raise crops in places where there is water.
• C They trade along busy land and sea routes.
• D They manufacture and sell iron tools and weapons.

How did Muhammad change the Kaaba?

• A He had it torn down to the ground.
• B He added statues of traditional gods.
• C He turned it into an Islamic holy site.
• D He moved it from Mecca to Medina.

According to Muslim belief, Muhammad was praying in a cave when he had a revelation in which he was told to

• A preach that there was one true God.
• B found the holy city of Mecca.
• C conquer the Arabian peninsula.
• D build a shrine for pilgrims to visit.

Which is Islam’s most sacred text?

• A the Quran
• B the Sunnah
• C the Hadith
• D the Sharia

What do Muslims do on a hajj?

• A They fast during the day for a month.
• B They give wealth to the poor and needy.
• C They pray five times each day.
• D They travel to the holy city of Mecca.

The mosque and minaret are mostly closely associated with which Pillar of Islam?

• A fasting during Ramadan.
• B giving alms to the poor.
• C praying five times a day.
• D making a pilgrimage to Mecca.

What do Muslims believe that the Sharia provides?

• A the basis for law in Muslim nations
• B the rules for proper conduct by Muslims
• C the words and actions of Muhammad
• D the word of God revealed to Muhammad

The Sunnah is based on accounts by

• A people who knew Muhammad.
• B Muslim legal expert.
• C Muhammad and earlier prophets.
• D Muslim scholars of the 900s.