Learning & Developmental Psychology Review

Pavlov's experiments with dogs yielded information about which of the following?

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• counterconditioning

• latent learning

Which of the following best describes a neutral stimulus?

• stimulus that causes an automatic response

• stimulus that does not cause a response

• stimulus that has been learned

• stimulus that is conditioned

What is the process by which a stimulus increases the chances of repeating a behavior?

• reinforcement

• flooding

• extinction

• systematic desensitization

Primary and secondary reinforcers are important in

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• taste aversion

• discrimination

Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning with dogs and salivation.

• Edward Thorndike

• John Watson

• Ivan Pavlov

• Martin Seligman

Influential psychologist conducting research on operant conditioning; animals and humans can be trained using positive and negative reinforcement; as well as positive and negative punishment.

• B.F. Skinner

• Albert Bandura

• John Garcia

• Walter Mischel

is an influential social cognitive psychologist who is perhaps best known for his social learning theory, the concept of self-efficacy, and his famous Bobo doll experiments.

• John B. Watson

• Edward Tolman

• Robert Rescorla

• Albert Bandura

Which of the following scenarios best matches classical conditioning?

• Bob studied for his math test for two hours and only got a C, so he decided to study more for the next test.

• Bob skipped class last week and had to stay after for detention. He decided not to skip classes anymore.

• Bob ate a cheeseburger and felt sick afterwards, so every time he smells McDonalds he feels nauseous.

• Bob has follows the same routine that his dad does when he gets home from school.

Little Albert began to associate any small, fluffy object with the loud sound. What is this describing?

• discrimination

• extinction

• generalization

• counterconditioning

If a caveman starts to fear big furry animals that growl (like a lion) but knows not to be afraid of a small furry animal (like a mouse), what survival adaptation is occurring?

• taste aversion

• extinction

• generalization

• discrimination