8th Grade Physical Science Mid-Term Review

Match the following

• Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

• For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

• Newton's 1st Law of Motion

• Acceleration=force x mass- it takes more force to accelerate an object with more mass

• Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion

• An object at rest or in motion will keep doing the same thing until acted on by an unbalanced force (Inertia)

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How do Newton’s 1st and 3rd  laws of motion would apply to this image? (select 2)

• The first ball would need more force to accelerate spheres that had more mass.

• Once the balls are in motion, they will not stop until they are acted on by an unbalanced force.

• The force applied to the balls will be in the opposite direction but with equal force as the first ball.

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Describe how potential and kinetic energy are transferred or transformed in this image.

• As the balls are in motion, they have potential energy, and when they stop moving, they have kinetic energy.

• The kinetic energy from the air is being transferred into thermal energy when the balls collide.

• When the first ball is at the highest position, it has kinetic energy. When it falls, that kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy, which is then transferred to the next ball.

• When the first ball is at the highest position, it has potential energy. When it falls, that potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy, which is then transferred to the next ball.

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What are the two factors of potential energy? (select 2)

• Position

• Speed

• Mass

• Direction

• Time

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Which of these children has more potential energy? (Choose 2)

• The one at the top of the slide because of his position.

• The one at the bottom of the slide because of his position.

• The one at the top because of his mass.

• The one at the bottom because of his mass.

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Which type of potential energy is demonstrated in the image?

• Thermal

• Gravitational

• Electrical

• Nuclear

• Elastic

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Where did the potential energy in the slingshot come from?

• Chemical energy from the food the girl ate was transformed into kinetic energy when she pulled back the slingshot.

• Thermal energy was transformed into elastic potential energy.

• Electrical energy was transformed into kinetic energy and then into potential energy.

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Which of Newton’s laws is demonstrated in this image?

• Newton's 1st law is demonstrated because the cart would stay at rest until an unbalanced force was applied.

• Newton's 2nd law is demonstrated because the more mass there is, the more force it will take to move it.

• Newton's 3rd law is demonstrated because as the man pulls on the cart, the cart will pull back with an equal and opposite force.

• All of Newton's laws can be demonstrated with this image.

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Match the following

• Scientific Law

• Based on MULTIPLE, REPEATED observations

• Both

• Explains WHAT happens on nature

• Scientific Theory

• Explains WHY things happen in nature

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The Law of Conservation of Energy states that: Energy cannot be (a)   , it can only be (b)   .

• created or destroyed

• transferred or transformed

• created or transformed

• destroyed or transferred

• bought or sold

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