Natural Disasters Quiz

What is the hot, red fluid that comes out of an erupting volcano called?

• Steam

• Smoke

• Magma

• Lava

What is the correct order of seismic waves from fastest to slowest?

• P-waves, L-waves, S-waves

• P-waves, S-waves, L-waves

• S-waves, P-waves, L-waves

• L-waves, S-waves, P-waves

What is the main threat posed by volcanic ash to aircraft?

• Reduced visibility

• Increased weight

• Engine failure

• Structural damage

What is the point on the surface directly above the focus of an earthquake called?

• Crater

• Epicenter

• Hypocenter

• Seismometer

Which type of lava has a high gas content and low temperature, resulting in more forceful eruptions?

• Basaltic lava

• Obsidian lava

• Andesitic lava

• Rhyolitic lava

What type of plate boundary is characterized by rising convection currents in the mantle and volcanic activity?

• Divergent boundary

• Transform boundary

• Convergent boundary

• Conservative boundary

What is the term used to describe the strength of earthquake vibrations and the amount of damage they cause?

• Epicenter

• Tsunami

• Seismic intensity

• Magnitude

What is the layer of solid rock, including the crust and part of the upper crust, called?

• Outer core

• Lithosphere

• Mantle

• Asthenosphere

What type of earthquake has a focus deeper than 100 km?

• Tsunami earthquake

• Subduction earthquake

• Deep-focus earthquake

• Shallow-focus earthquake

Where does 90% of the Earth's earthquakes and 75% of its volcanic activity occur?

• Himalayan Mountains

• Great Rift Valley

• Ring of Fire

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge