Rhetorical Techniques and Historical Speeches

Which statement best explains Kennedy's message in this excerpt?

• American citizens must be prepared for war.

• The United States is prepared to protect freedom.

• The United States is the greatest country in the world.

• American citizens have a history of protecting democracy.

What is the main type of appeal that Kennedy uses in this excerpt?

• an ethical appeal to demand that the communists help around the globe

• an emotional appeal to emphasize the United States' commitment to justice

• a logical appeal to help people in poverty since there is no need to help the rich

• a logical appeal to explain why people around the globe cannot vote for a better life

Which statement best explains how Kennedy uses a rhetorical technique to support his message?

• He uses a logical appeal to explain why the United States will promote democracy worldwide.

• He uses parallelism to reach out to different countries around the world.

• He uses repetition to emphasize change on the horizon for people who are struggling.

• He uses a false dilemma to contrast the worldwide impact of democracy and communism.

Which statement best describes the passage?

• Warren explains the students' position, then describes how it has been previously handled by the courts.

• Warren provides reasons why segregation is permissible, then offers evidence to support the reasons.

• Warren claims that the students don't have grounds to sue, then gives reasons why not.

• Warren gives a history of segregation in America, then explains how the students fit into that history.

What evidence does Justice Warren give for his reason in this passage?

• empirical evidence, because Warren provides statistics to show how segregated schools are measurably different

• anecdotal evidence, because Warren is telling personal stories about children who have experienced segregation

• logical evidence, because Warren is drawing a reasonable conclusion that segregating children is psychologically harmful

• historical evidence, because Warren describes how segregation of schools first began and why it has continued through the years

How does Machiavelli support his claim that rulers can be cruel if it benefits their subjects and is necessary for security?

• Machiavelli uses anecdotal evidence through historical examples to support his claim.

• Machiavelli uses empirical evidence about politics and society to support his claim.

• Machiavelli uses logical evidence through historical examples to support his claim.

• Machiavelli uses empirical and logical evidence to support his claim.

How does Machiavelli's use of words such as seizing, usurper, inflict, knife, win, reassure, and benefits affect the tone of the passage?

• There are more words with negative ones than positive ones, creating a frightening tone.

• There are more words with negative ones than positive ones, creating a threatening tone.

• The words with positive connotations soften the ones with negative connotations to create a serious, matter-of-fact tone.

• The words with positive connotations are used to create an encouraging tone.

Which statement best evaluates the effectiveness of the evidence used to support the claim that cruelty is a necessary part of leadership?

• The evidence uses stories of historical figures to support the claim.

• The evidence uses examples of extreme violence to support the claim.

• The evidence uses examples of people's behavior long ago to support the claim.

• The evidence uses data and statistics to support the claim.

Which statement best summarizes the central idea of this excerpt?

• One must know the process of hiring servants.

• It is important to always honor one's servants.

• It is necessary to choose trustworthy servants.

• The intelligence of servants must be considered.

Read this passage from chapter 22 of The Prince.

There were none who knew Messer Antonio da Venafro as the servant of Pandolfo Petrucci, Prince of Siena, who would not consider Pandolfo to be a very clever man in having Venafro for his servant. Because there are three classes of intellects: one which comprehends by itself; another which appreciates what others comprehended; and a third which neither comprehends by itself nor by the showing of others; the first is the most excellent, the second is good, the third is useless. Therefore, it follows necessarily that, if Pandolfo was not in the first rank, he was in the second, for whenever one has judgment to know good and bad when it is said and done, although he himself may not have the initiative, yet he can recognize the good and the bad in his servant, and the one he can praise and the other correct; thus the servant cannot hope to deceive him, and is kept honest.

How does the text structure help the author convey his central idea that a prince is judged by the quality of his servants?

• by explaining the prince of Siena’s reasons for choosing Antonio da Venafro as his servant

  
  

• by suggesting a solution to the problem of princes having to select intelligent and honest servants

  
  

• by providing supporting evidence of a prince believed to be clever because he chose a good servant

  
  

• by comparing and contrasting the qualities of Pandolfo Petrucci with those of his servant Antonio da Venafro