CJ 1 Ch 3 Practice

The criminal law of the United States, for the most part, is derived from the laws of

• colonial America

• Israel

• Sumeria

• England

Answer explanation

The criminal law of the United States is primarily derived from English law, making England the correct choice.

A crime is a violation of the

• Tort

• civil law

• penal code

• Morals

Answer explanation

A crime is a violation of the penal code. It is a legal offense that is punishable by law.

Which of the following penal sanctions is used primarily to prevent undesired conduct and to provide

• Punishment

• Restitution

• Regulation

• Treatment

Answer explanation

Regulation is the primary penal sanction used to prevent undesired conduct and provide control. It ensures compliance and maintains order.

The principle of using precedents to guide future decisions in court cases is called

• stare decisis

• ex post facto

• Eyre

• common law

Answer explanation

The principle of using precedents to guide future decisions in court cases is called stare decisis. Stare decisis is a legal doctrine that requires courts to follow the decisions of previous cases with similar facts and legal issues.

Which of the following are explorations or inspections by law enforcement officers of homes, premises, vehicles, or persons for the purpose of discovering evidence of crimes or persons who are accused of crimes?

• Searches

• Warrants

• Arrests

• Seizures

Answer explanation

Searches are explorations or inspections by law enforcement officers of homes, premises, vehicles, or persons for the purpose of discovering evidence of crimes or persons who are accused of crimes.

This protects people from unreasonable search and seizures:

• Eighth Amendment

• Fifth Amendment

• Sixth Amendment

• Fourth Amendment

Answer explanation

The Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures.

An arrest warrant is issued only if substantial and trustworthy evidence supports which two conclusions?

• A violation of the law has been committed, and the person will be found in the place to be searched.

• A violation of the law has been committed, and the person to be arrested committed the violation.

• The person to be arrested committed the violation, and the person will be found in the place to be searched.

• The specific objects to be searched for are connected with criminal activity, and the objects will be found in the place to be searched.

Answer explanation

An arrest warrant is issued only if there is substantial and trustworthy evidence that the person to be arrested committed the violation and will be found in the place to be searched.

Which of the following standards of proof is more than a gut feeling because it includes the ability to articulate reasons for the suspicion?

• probable cause

• reasonable suspicion

• preponderance of evidence

• mere suspicion

Answer explanation

Reasonable suspicion is more than a gut feeling as it requires articulating reasons for the suspicion. It is a standard of proof that falls between mere suspicion and probable cause.

The standard of proof necessary to find a defendant guilty in a criminal trial is

• probable cause

• beyond reasonable doubt

• preponderance of evidence

• mere suspicion

Answer explanation

The standard of proof to find a defendant guilty in a criminal trial is preponderance of evidence.

In which of the following cases was the exclusionary rule created?

• Trop v. Dulles

• Weeks v. United States

Answer explanation

The exclusionary rule was created in the case of Weeks v. United States. It prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used in court.