Turbulent Flow and Fluid Motion 2

What is the term for turbulence theories that are derived from experiments?

• Analytical theories

• Empirical theories

• Theoretical theories

• Unproven theories

What layer near the wall is assumed to exist in turbulent flow in a round-section pipe?

• Viscous layer

• Turbulent layer

• Laminar sublayer

• Pulsational layer

How is turbulent flow in the pipe schematically represented according to the two-layer model?

• Laminar core and turbulent sublayer

• Turbulent core and laminar sublayer

• Single-layer core

• Chaotic core and pulsational layer

What phenomenon is considered impossible near the wall in turbulent flow, leading to the assumption of a laminar sublayer?

• Mixing

• Pulsation

• Turbulence

• Chaotic motion

How many components does the two-layer model of turbulent flow consist of?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

What is the first component of the two-layer model of turbulent flow?

• Laminar core

• Turbulent core

• Pulsational layer

• Laminar sublayer

What is the second component of the two-layer model of turbulent flow?

• Chaotic core

• Laminar sublayer

• Pulsational velocities

• Turbulent motion

What does Reynolds propose not to consider when looking at time-averaged idealized behavior?

• Pulsations

• Chaotic motion

• Laminar flow

• Viscous forces

What does Reynolds replace the actual velocity and pressure variables within the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations?

• Pulsational velocities

• Chaotic velocities

• Time-averaged velocities and pressures

• Mean velocities and pressures

What does the solution of the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations represent?

• Chaos in fluid motion

• Unsteady flow behavior

• Steady-state conditions

• One of the Millennium Prize Problems