Unit 3 Test Review 2024

Why was the Three-fifths Compromise considered a negotiation? (What did it do?)

• to determine the process for making future changes to the

  Constitution

• to determine the structure of the Judicial Branch of government

• to determine how many states would be created from the

  original colonies

• to decide how slaves would count for the purposes of

  representation and taxation

What was settled by the Great Compromise (1787)?

• It created Congress with equal representation in the House of

  Representatives and proportional representation in the Senate

• It created a bicameral Congress with proportional representation in the

  House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate

• It created Congress with proportional representation in the House of

  Representatives and the Senate

• It created Congress with equal representation in the House of

  Representatives and the Senate

Which two plans were debated in order to come to the Great Compromise in 1787?

• New Jersey Plan and Virginia Plan

• Virginia Plan and New York Plan

• New Jersey Plan and New York Plan

• Virginia Plan and North Carolina Plan

What was the main argument/debate between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists?

• the existence of a representative national government

• The right of a state to leave the Union

• the scope of the power of the central government

• the creation of national legislature

"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."   -Amendment 9, Bill of Rights, U.S. Constitution Question: Why would Anti-Federalists SUPPORT this?

• The amendments listed legislative powers granted to local governments.

• The

  amendment established limits on federal powers over people and states.

• The amendment created a

  system of checks and balances over federal authority.

• The amendment denied

  individuals the right to challenge state governments.

"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."   -Amendment 10, Bill of Rights, U.S. Constitution                                            Question: Why would Anti-Federalists SUPPORT this?

• The amendment denied

  individuals the right to challenge state governments.

• The amendment created a

  system of checks and balances over federal authority.

• The

  amendment established limits on federal powers over people and states.

• The amendments listed legislative powers granted to local governments.

-Some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation were:

1. No national court system or national executive branch

2. Amendments required approval by all 13 states

3. Congress could raise money only by requesting it from the states

4. No national army: States voluntarily sent troops when requested by Congress

What was MOST important to supporters of the Articles of Confederation?

• strong national government

• the influence of large states

• states' rights

• an effective military strategy

-Some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation were:

1. No national court system or national executive branch

2. Amendments required approval by all 13 states

3. Congress could raise money only by requesting it from the states

4. No national army: States voluntarily sent troops when requested by Congress

What was one argument that CRITICS could make about the Articles of Confederation?

• The

  national government had little power to get states to cooperate and

  compromise.

• The

  large states could easily change the rules of government to their

  advantage.

• The

  large states could easily change the rules of government to their

  advantage.

• The power of the national

  government threatened states’ rights.

Why was a Bill of Rights included in the Constitution of the United States?

• to limit the size of the government

• to define roles of government leaders

• to explain the benefits of government actions

• to weaken the power of the (National) government

"The Executive not only dispenses the honors, but holds the sword of the community. The legislature not only commands the purse, but prescribes the rules by which the duties and rights of every citizen are to be regulated. The judiciary, on the contrary, has no influence over either the sword or the purse. . . . It may truly be said to have neither FORCE nor WILL, but merely judgment."         —Alexander Hamilton, June 1788      Question: What principle of government does Alexander Hamilton advocate?

• limited government

• separation of powers

• checks and balances

• federalism